Tidsskrift for den Norske lægeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny række
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Several endogenous factors regulate the perception of pain. Understanding of pain-alleviating mechanisms is increasing, which is useful both for doctors who treat pain-ridden patients and for researchers interested in the physiology of pain. This article provides an overview of such mechanisms. ⋯ Strengthening of the body's own mechanisms for pain alleviation is possible and potentially useful in treatment of pain-ridden patients.
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Tidsskr. Nor. Laegeforen. · Sep 2010
Review[Mouth-rinsing with chlorhexidine for prevention of pneumonia].
Oral decontamination with chlorhexidine prevents accumulation of pathogens in the oral cavity, and can thereby reduce the risk of translocation to and colonization of the lungs. The antiseptic agent chlorhexidine has been widely used in dentistry, it has an excellent record of safety and efficacy and a broad antimicrobial spectrum. Mouth-rinsing with chlorhexidine may result in 90 % reduction of oral microbes. Cooperation between physicians and dentists is important in this area on the borderline between the two professions.
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Acute liver failure and acute decompensated chronic liver failure are two diseases that demand extensive knowledge of etiology and triggering factors, pathophysiology, diagnosis, prognosis and recommended guidelines for treatment. The article defines the diseases, discusses etiological factors, treatment strategies, indications for referral to the transplantation unit at Rikshospitalet and prognostic factors of importance. ⋯ Patients diagnosed with acute liver failure or acute decompensated chronic liver failure remain a clinical challenge. Optimal treatment requires extensive knowledge of pathophysiological mechanisms and treatment strategies.
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Catheterization of umbilical veins and arteries is a common intervention in newborns. Malpositioning of catheters is associated with complications. The objective of this study was to evaluate catheter positions after insertion. ⋯ Umbilical vessel catheters are often malpositioned. This increases the risk of thromboses and circulation disturbances. X-ray images are important for evaluation and potential correction of the catheter position.