Frontiers in immunology
-
Frontiers in immunology · Jan 2020
Development and Validation of a Contrast-Enhanced CT-Based Radiomics Nomogram for Prediction of Therapeutic Efficacy of Anti-PD-1 Antibodies in Advanced HCC Patients.
There is no study accessible now assessing the prognostic aspect of radiomics for anti-PD-1 therapy for patients with HCC. ⋯ This study has developed and validated a radiomics nomogram by incorporating the pretreatment CECT images and clinical factors to predict the anti-PD-1 treatment efficacy in patients with advanced HCC.
-
Frontiers in immunology · Jan 2020
PD-L1/PD-1 Pattern of Expression Within the Bone Marrow Immune Microenvironment in Smoldering Myeloma and Active Multiple Myeloma Patients.
The PD-1/PD-L1 axis has recently emerged as an immune checkpoint that controls antitumor immune responses also in hematological malignancies. However, the use of anti-PD-L1/PD-1 antibodies in multiple myeloma (MM) patients still remains debated, at least in part because of discordant literature data on PD-L1/PD-1 expression by MM cells and bone marrow (BM) microenvironment cells. The unmet need to identify patients which could benefit from this therapeutic approach prompts us to evaluate the BM expression profile of PD-L1/PD-1 axis across the different stages of the monoclonal gammopathies. ⋯ Our data indicate that SMM and active MM patients share a similar PD-L1/PD-1 BM immune profile, suggesting that SMM patients could be an interesting target for PD-L1/PD-1 inhibition therapy, in light of their less compromised and more responsive immune-compartment.
-
Frontiers in immunology · Jan 2020
Dysregulation of Lipid Metabolism in Macrophages Is Responsible for Severe Endotoxin Tolerance in FcgRIIB-Deficient Lupus Mice.
FcgRIIB dysfunction is commonly found in patients with lupus, especially in Asia. LPS-tolerance is prominent in FcgRIIB-/- lupus mice. LPS-tolerant macrophages demonstrate cell energy depletion, which might affect lipid metabolism. ⋯ Taken together, the intense decrease in cytokine production after the second LPS stimulation (LPS-tolerance) in FcgRIIB-/- macrophages was possibly due to the impact of an immense cytokine synthesis after the first dose of LPS. This includes using up PEMT, an enzyme of phospholipid synthesis during cytokine production, and AMPK-p induction in response to profound ATP-depletion. Therefore, the manipulation of the AMPK/PEMT axis provides a novel therapeutic candidate for the treatment of severe LPS-tolerance in lupus.
-
Frontiers in immunology · Jan 2020
Developmental Dysfunction of the Central Nervous System Lymphatics Modulates the Adaptive Neuro-Immune Response in the Perilesional Cortex in a Mouse Model of Traumatic Brain Injury.
The recently discovered meningeal lymphatic vessels (mLVs) have been proposed to be the missing link between the immune and the central nervous system. The role of mLVs in modulating the neuro-immune response following a traumatic brain injury (TBI), however, has not been analyzed. Parenchymal T lymphocyte infiltration has been previously reported as part of secondary events after TBI, suggestive of an adaptive neuro-immune response. The phenotype of these cells has remained mostly uncharacterized. In this study, we identified subpopulations of T cells infiltrating the perilesional areas 30 days post-injury (an early-chronic time point). Furthermore, we analyzed how the lack of mLVs affects the magnitude and the type of T cell response in the brain after TBI. ⋯ Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that mLVs are involved in the neuro-immune response after TBI. We also defined the resident memory CD8+ T cells as one of the main population activated within the brain after a traumatic injury.