Harefuah
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In recent years there has been increasing awareness of chronic vulvar pain, both in the medical and lay communities. The etiology of vulvar pain is largely unknown. Furthermore, there is no worldwide consensus regarding the terminology and classification of this condition, which makes it difficult to compare the results of different treatments. In 2003, following more than three decades of uncertainty, the terminology and classification of vulvar pain was re-established. ⋯ The re-establishment of the ISSVD terminology and classification in 2003 will help physicians and researchers improve the understanding of chronic idiopathic vulvar pain, and develop effective treatments.
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Closed internal degloving is a significant soft tissue injury associated with pelvic trauma in which the subcutaneous tissue is torn away from the underlying fascia, creating a cavity filled with hematoma and liquefied fat. It commonly occurs over the greater trochanter, but may also occur in the flank, buttock and lumbodorsal region, and it is known as a Morel-Lavallee lesion. The diagnosis of closed degloving injuries is based on physical and ultrasonographic examinations. ⋯ However, in some cases, injury to the subcutaneous fatty tissue can result in the formation of a pseudocyst due to lymphatic extravasation. When hematoma or fluid collection does occur, puncture drainage and pressure therapy is usually considered to be sufficient treatment. Otherwise, surgical intervention must be proposed.
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Whenever suspicion of late-onset sepsis (LOS) is raised, sepsis workup is performed and empiric anti-microbial therapy (AMT) is initiated. However, the prescribed AMT may often be inappropriate for the eradication of the causative pathogen. ⋯ Significant predictors of LOS include lower birth weight, apnea/bradycardia and thrombocytopenia. Empirical AMT was initiated in 90% of proven septic events and was appropriate in 92.3% of these cases. When confronted with suspected LOS in the NICU setting, empiric coverage of CoNS, Klebsiella and fungi should be considered, based on the infant's condition and on local microbiological data.
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Review Historical Article
[Mistletoe (Viscum album) preparations: an optional drug for cancer patients?].
Extracts and preparations from the parasitic plant mistletoe (Viscum album L.) have been used in the treatment of cancer for decades. Mistletoe treatment for cancer was introduced in 1920 by Steiner and Wegman, founders of the Anthroposophical medical method. Today, mistletoe extracts are the most frequently prescribed unconventional cancer therapies in Germany, as in some other European countries. ⋯ Side effects of the different mistletoe preparation used in human studies are generally minimal and non-life threatening. In the current review recent studies, including two phase II studies from our center, are included. In the future, data that will be obtained from good quality studies might facilitate reaching firm conclusions regarding the therapeutic benefit of mistletoe preparation for oncological treatment.
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A total of 53 epidemiological studies were found that investigated the relationship between breast cancer and the consumption of alcohol. These studies discovered that the risk increased with increasing alcohol consumption. Specifically, there was a 7% increase in risk with each 10 gr. of alcohol per day. Therefore, women who drink should do so at low levels, and in many cases this will mean drinking less.