Annales pharmaceutiques françaises
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Since the 1970s, drugs unused by French households have been collected for humanitarian aid. In 1993, the Cyclamed system was created by pharmacists in order to manage and collect unused drugs. ⋯ In France this practice has been forbidden since the 1st of January 2009. Associations that still desire to send unused drugs to developing countries must develop other approaches, such as essential generic medicines or emergency health kits.
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Preparation in advance of intravenous solution could be efficient to improve quality assurance, security, time management and cost saving of drug delivery. The aim of this study was to investigate the stability of a mixture of diclofenac 75 mg/100 ml and sodium bicarbonate 42 mg/100 ml in 5% glucose polyolefin bags after freezing, long-term storage, and microwave thawing. ⋯ Within these limits, diclofenac in 5% glucose infusion may be prepared and frozen in advance by a centralized intravenous admixture service, then thawed before use in clinical units.
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Historical Article
[The story of Annales pharmaceutiques françaises. 1809-2009].
The Annales pharmaceutiques françaises is 200 years old. Initially, in 1809, the Bulletin de pharmacie was the organ of the Société de pharmacie de Paris. The journal was one of the dynamic events stimulated by the law of Germinal in year XI of the French revolution (1803). ⋯ It was in 1943 that the journal took on its current name of the Annales pharmaceutiques françaises. The journal is now the official organ of the French National Academy of Pharmacy. The six annual issues are supplemented by an internet diffusion allowing readers access in all French-speaking countries.
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The widely used term "overdose" denotes a toxic effect: opioid-induced intoxication and a mechanism: the poisoning results only from an overdose. Surprisingly, our understanding of the pathophysiology of this deadly complication is limited. In drug users, we attempted to: (1) improve knowledge of drug-induced respiratory effects; (2) clarify the mechanisms of drug interactions; (3) identify factors of variability and vulnerability. ⋯ The interaction results from a pharmacokinetic process. In contrast, methadone causes a dose-dependent decrease in PaO(2,) even significant before hypercapnia. We are assessing the relationships between on one hand alterations of ventilatory pattern and of arterial blood gas and on the other hand the different types of opiate receptors in the rats.
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French guidelines for immunization are elaborated by a permanent advisory committee (Comité technique des vaccinations), which is part of the Public Health Council. This committee is composed of 20 experts from the different medical specialties involved in the immunization process, who are appointed for 3 years by the French Ministry of Health. Other members, without voting power, represent de different agencies, affiliated to the health minister, other ministers and different institutions. ⋯ The committee's advice statement may also mention the need for a specific survey of the impact of the vaccination on epidemiology, as well as a broader survey related to its safety. Usually, when a vaccine is recommended, the Transparency Commission of the Haute Autorité de santé and the economic committee on drugs decide on its reimbursement by the public health care fund. The guidelines become part of the immunization schedule, which is updated annually and published in the Official Bulletin of the Minister of Health and in the Bulletin épidémiologique hebdomadaire.