The Journal of infectious diseases
-
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a leading cause of acute respiratory illness (ARI) in children. Population-based incidence rates and comprehensive clinical characterizations of disease have not been established. ⋯ HMPV was detected in 3.8% of children hospitalized with ARI or fever, with a population incidence similar to that of influenza virus and parainfluenza virus 3.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
A phase III equivalence trial of azithromycin versus benzathine penicillin for treatment of early syphilis.
Syphilis remains an important source of morbidity worldwide. Long-acting penicillin is the only therapy currently recommended for syphilis in much of the world. Because of hesitation to use penicillin for fear of anaphylaxis, there is a need for an effective, well-tolerated alternative to penicillin for syphilis therapy. ⋯ In this trial, the efficacy of azithromycin at a dosage of 2.0 g administered orally was equivalent to that of benzathine penicillin G for the treatment of early syphilis in persons without HIV infection.
-
Few data exist on respiratory virus quantitation in lower respiratory samples and detection in serum from hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients with respiratory virus-associated pneumonia. ⋯ Quantitative polymerase chain reaction detects high viral loads in BAL samples from HCT recipients with respiratory virus pneumonia. Viral RNA is also detectable in the serum of patients with RSV, influenza, and MPV pneumonia and may correlate with the severity of disease.
-
Clinical Trial
Effect of vaccination with modified vaccinia Ankara (ACAM3000) on subsequent challenge with Dryvax.
Despite the success of smallpox vaccination, the immunological correlates of protection are not fully understood. To investigate this question, we examined the effect of immunization with modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) on subsequent challenge with replication-competent vaccinia virus (Dryvax). ⋯ MVA immunization results in clinical and virologic protection against Dryvax challenge. Protection is associated with prior induction of neutralizing antibodies to MVA or vaccinia virus. MVA administered intradermally has protective and immunologic responses similar to those of a 10-fold-higher dose given subcutaneously.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Safety and immunogenicity of modified vaccinia Ankara (ACAM3000): effect of dose and route of administration.
We conducted a clinical trial of the safety and immunogenicity of modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) to examine the effects of dose and route of administration. ⋯ These data suggest that intradermal immunization with MVA provides a dose-sparing effect by eliciting antibody responses similar in magnitude and kinetics to those elicited by the intramuscular or subcutaneous routes but at a 10-fold-lower dose.