Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Nov 2000
Comparative Study[Organization of State Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance via local social-hygienic monitoring system].
State sanitary and epidemiological surveillance (SSES) centers have gained much experience in organizing sociohygienic monitoring (SHM). However, the common mechanism that may intrinsically combine SHM and SSES is lacking so far. The proposed model of the activities of SSES in the SHM system at the local management level may largely solve the facing problem and organize SSES in the local monitored area under the Russian Federation's Law "On Human Sanitary and Epidemiological Well-Being" under No. 52-[symbol: see text]3, passed on March 30, 1999.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Nov 2000
Comparative Study[Sanitary-epidemiological characteristics of preschool institutions].
A specific microbial landscape forms in children of preschool institutions (PSI). To identify their sanitary and epidemiological hazards, the authors proposes to use the most common PSI pathogenic and opportunistic microbes that allow specific risk factors to be detected. The pinworm egg seeding index is used to estimate the pollution of the institutional environment.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Nov 2000
Comparative Study[Bases of safe substance levels for unified sanitary standards].
The study was undertaken to detect substances whose threshold and safe levels cannot be used without their correction in order to provide unified sanitary standardization. The criteria for choosing the substances were their high stability, capacity of bioaccumulation, the presence of mutagenic and/or carcinogenic properties and great discrepancy between the values of chronic toxicity of a substance and structure-activity relationships, which are typical of the structural series it belongs to. The use of these criteria may identify 155 substances standardized in water and 126 in the ambient air, whose threshold and safe levels in their oral and inhaled administrations are to be clarified.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Nov 2000
Comparative Study[Hygienic and ecological criteria of hazards in the protection of aqueous biota].
Man is not always sensitive to toxic agents than the representative of the aqueous biota. Almost in every fifth case, human sensitivity to water pollutants is higher and that to a number of compounds is more than 100 times greater. Therefore, there cannot be unified environmental and hygienic standards and fishery and sanitary MAC of water agents should be taken apart to provide a reliable safety of human water consumption.