Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Sep 2002
[Evaluation of immunity in children from rural localities and the levels of trace elements in environmental objects].
Immunity was evaluated in 890 schoolchildren living in rural localities of the Central and Western lands of the Orenburg Region. There was a correlation between the immunological parameters of the examinees and the levels of trace elements in environmental objects. ⋯ The closest correlation was found between the absolute count of T lymphocytes, stab neutrophils, the levels of IgA, IgM in children and the content of I, Sr, Mn, Cr in cereals and vegetables, as well as between the levels of IL-2 and alpha-TNF and the blood concentrations of Cu, Fe, Cr, Ni, Co in the examined children. The immunological changes may result from the imbalance of trace elements in the studied environmental objects and biological substrates.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Sep 2002
[The habitat and environment-induced imbalance of trace elements in the populations in the population of urban and rural areas].
A comprehensive hygienic assessment was made of natural and anthropogenic risk factors and conditions for trace element deficiencies in the populations of urban and rural areas. All chemicals identified were evaluated in the environmental objects. The mean daily absorption dose for the population was estimated. The paper presents a comparative analysis of the concentrations of Cu, Fe, Zn, Pb, Mn, Ni, Cr, Co, Cd, Sr in the biological media (hair, blood, bone tissue, placenta) in the populations of an industrial town and rural areas and their levels in some abnormalities and also compares the spectral composition of trace elements in the hair and blood with that obtained by other authors.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Sep 2002
[Lysozyme of hydrobionts and its role in self-purification of water reservoirs].
Model experiments were carried out to study the effects of hydrobiont lysozyme on self-purifying processes of water reservoirs through its participation in the formation of a community of destructive microorganisms. Lysozyme-resistant forms have been found to lie at basis of bacterial cenosis of the Urals, among which there are lysozyme-active and anti-lysozyme-active ones, their population shows an inverse relationship. The exogenous lysozyme that enters the water reservoir in the period when there is a change in the dominant forms of hydrobionts affects the composition of bacterial cenosis by preserving anti-lysozyme-activity with a high activity (6-8 (g/ml), which causes a change in the microbial community of water reservoir, thus affecting the processes of its self-purification. The bacteria having ALA, which do maintain the capacity of a water reservoir for self-clearance from organic substance, persist under the action of endogenous lysozyme of phyto- and zooplankton among saprophytic microorganisms that are destructive agents in the biocenosis.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Sep 2002
[Comparative evaluation of functioning of the main systems of the body in urban and rural school children of the Orenburg region].
The paper presents the results of a survey of the physical development and functional status of 513 urban and rural schoolchildren. Rural children showed a higher tension index that urban ones did. The urban pupils had higher indices of mental and physiological functions in the course of learning. The proportion of children with harmonic physical development was found to be higher among rural schoolchildren.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Sep 2002
[Influence of a combination of environmental factors on elementary school children].
Three-year ecological, hygienic, and physiological studies of the influence of a combination of environmental factors on the functional status in 510 junior schoolchildren have established that the leading determinants of the formation of the habitat of junior schoolchildren from the educational establishments under study are the irrational organization of a learning process, poor educational conditions, sociohygienic living conditions and lifestyle in the family, the level of environmental pollution. Dispersion and factorial analyses have established that there is a relationship between the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of these factors, as well as between the performance of the central nervous and cardiovascular systems and the increase in the incidence of diseases in the pupils. The findings may be used to draw up research-and-practical recommendations on the optimization of training of junior pupils on organizing gymnasium-type education and on their health promotion whose introduction will increase the reserve capacities of the children and preserve their health.