Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Sep 2003
Comparative Study[Content of trace elements in the bottoms of open water reservoirs in the Western part of the Orenburg Region].
The mean concentrations of trace elements were determined in the bottoms of open water reservoirs in the western part of the Orenburg Region. The content of chromium was found to exceed the maximum permissible concentration by about 5 times, that of zinc and nickel complies with the clarke; that of copper was nearly 2 times less than the clarke, that of cobalt and vanadium is nearly 1.5 times less. The concentrations of trace elements in the bottoms were compared with those in soil, portable water, and snow cover in order to elucidate possible sources of origin.
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Nonspecific resistance and the incidence of allergic diseases were studied in children living in areas with varying ambient air pollution, whose parents were exposed before conception to deleterious occupational factors at chemical and petrochemical enterprises. Nonspecific resistance was found to reduce drastically in children of female workers of chemical and petrochemical enterprises. In the children of female workers of the above enterprises, the incidence of allergic diseases was significantly higher (p < 0.01) than that in the control group. The findings suggest that environmental factors (ambient air pollution, occupational harms in parents) exert a substantial influence on a rise in the incidence of allergic diseases in children.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2003
[The assessment of premature death rates in Byelarus due to environmental air pollution].
The attributive death rates due to ambient air pollution were estimated in the urban areas of Byelarus. Estimation used the data of daily atmospheric contamination monitoring made by the Main Hydrometereology Committee of Byelarus in 15 towns from 1990 to 1999. ⋯ In Byelarus, about 7.5 thousand premature deaths or 6% of the total annual death rates may be induced by atmospheric pollution. Possible factors that influence the accuracy of estimates are discussed in the paper.