Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Comparative Study[Practical use of a methodology for assessing an aerogenic risk to human risk in the substantiation of a control area].
The aerogenic risk to health was assessed in the population living in an area under the influence of an petroleum refinery in order to define the ambient pollution hazard, to identify the leading risk factors and their sources for further development of the most effective managerial decisions to reduce the risk, which comprise the substantiation of the extent of a control area.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Comparative Study[Malignancy monitoring in the pediatric population of the Orenburg Region].
The paper gives the results of a retrospective epidemiological survey for malignances in the pediatric population of the Orenburg Region in 1995 to 2007. The average long-term morbidity rates were determined by the main (central, western, eastern) areas of the region; the areas were ranked by the malignancy morbidity rates among the pediatric population as a whole and by nosological entities. The authors provide the structural characteristics of cancer in the Orenburg Region as compared with the general Russian data.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Comparative Study[The functional status of the autonomic nervous system in schoolchildren and gymnasia pupils upon complex exposure to schooling and environmental factors].
The paper gives the data of a study evaluating the autonomic nervous system in 645 gymnasia and school pupils exposed to different anthropogenic loads of K(total) 25.81 and 22.74 units and to the complex influence of intraschooling environmental factors of a gymnasia and a school. The studies have established that multicomponent influence of poor factors of the educational space and the environment is much more responsible for the functional status of the autonomic nervous system of gymnasia pupils than that of schoolchildren, which leads to disorganization of intra- and intersystemic effector interactions and appears as excess autonomic provision.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Comparative Study[Human health risk upon air exposure to chemicals in enclosed spaces and residential areas of an industrial town].
The study determined priority chemicals in the ambient air and air of enclosed spaces of the town's administrative districts, by taking into account the formation of a community health risk. The industrial town's areas were ranked by the hazard of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic effects caused by the varying intraenvironmental distribution of substances. The distribution of pollutants in the study areas with varying anthropogenic exposures allows one to consider suspended matter, cadmium, nickel, and formaldehyde in the air of residential areas and formaldehyde, phenol, and suspended matter in the air of enclosed spaces as universal markers of exposure for dwelling environmental factors in the identification of toxicants and in the assessment of community health risk within the framework of sociohygienic monitoring and as indicators for the assessment of the immediate and final results of purpose-oriented departmental programs.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Comparative Study[Use of a methodology to assess a risk at the stage of substantiating the choice of a ground area for placing industrial enterprises].
Human health risk was screened at the stage of supporting the choice of a building site for a petroleum refinery. Based on the calculated exposure levels, the risk to the Buguruslan population was characterized under different conditions: without consideration for the impact of the projected enterprise; with consideration for the pollutants contained in the emissions of the projected enterprise; at the border of an apartment block and at that of an estimated control area in five receptor points. The assessment of a human risk has revealed that the industrial enterprise cannot be sited on this territory and the estimated control area is inadequate due to the high carcinogenic and toxic risk from the formed emission of the projected enterprise.