Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Comparative Study[Current approaches to making an integral prenosological assessment of the health status of children and adolescents].
The development of methods for evaluating the body's condition upon exposure to different environmental factors is currently a topical problem of hygienic science. The quantitative characteristics of the body's adaptive and reserve capacities are gaining in more and more importance. In this connection, a total of 2560 children aged 8-10 years were examined. An integral assessment enables identification of 4 types of adaptive and functional capacities in children.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
[Hygienic evaluation of soil pollution in a South Ural agroindustrial region].
The results of soil monitoring the Orenburg Region (from 2003 to 2007) were comparatively analyzed. The structure of soil pollution with gross (vanadium, lead, nickel, chromium, cobalt, manganese, copper, zinc, tin, titanium, boron, molybdenum) and mobile (cobalt, manganese, copper, zinc, chromium, nickel) compounds was revealed. The Orenburg Region's soils experience an anthropogenic load, as evidenced by a two-fold soil clarke excess as described by A. ⋯ The highest soil pollution has been established in the eastern region that is most industrially developed. The presumable associations with possible pollution sources are outlined. Correlation analysis has revealed the inter-environmental distribution of trace elements in foodstuffs and the population's biological media.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Review[Assessment of the contribution of environmental factors to the formation of the demographic situation at the regional level].
The most informative priority environmental, social, and economic factors reflecting with the highest significance demographic processes in the urbanized and rural areas have been substantiated from the results of analyzing the data of the Regional Information Fund of sociohygienic monitoring by multivariate (correlation, factor, and regression) analysis methods. Models were obtained, which were used to define quantitative correlations between the demographic indices and the environmental-socioeconomic ones and to identify priority criteria for urbanized and rural areas while predicting their development and taking a managerial decision.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Review[Problems in the ascertainment of sizes of the control areas of natural gas industrial projects].
The paper reviews the problems in the ascertainment of sizes of the control areas of industrial projects, including those of natural gas industry, and analyzes discrepancies in the normative-legal base. The historical aspects and results of substantiating the safe sizes of control areas for the projects of the Orenburg oil-gas condensate field are presented.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2009
Review[Methodology for integrated assessment of anthropogenic and socioeconomic factors in the formation of a human health risk].
In the context of modern preventive medicine and a diversity of criteria for assessing the health status and the quality of the environment, the author has used an algorithm of comprehensive studies, which includes a differential analysis of the quality of the environment, by identifying xenobiotics in the atmosphere, soil, drinking water, and foodstuffs, then by ranging environmental factors in each specific region, by making a pooled assessment of a risk, by calculating the integral indices of public and community health, and by taking into account the socioeconomic situation in an area. Six priority indices of the 35 environmental ones, as well as 8 socioeconomic conditions that are most closely related with demographic parameters (r > 0.9) have been identified from the summarized environmental and socioeconomic conditions in the urbanized areas. Four ecological indices and 11 socioeconomic conditions have been identified in the rural areas.