Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Sep 2008
[Examining the impact of solar activity on the incidence of congenital malformations].
The investigation revealed statistically significant positive and negative correlations between the impact of solar activity (SA) and the incidence of congenital malformations (CM). As SA decreased, the incidence of multiple CM, defects of the musculoskeletal system, and those as a whole increased, but among the nosological entities, there was a rise in the prevalence of diaphragmatic hernia and omphalocele. At the same time, increased SA determines the higher incidence of abnormalities of the central nervous system, sensory organs, face and neck, anencephalies, and cleft lips. The maximum influence of SA was established for CM of the skin (56.25%), face and neck (53.46%); and among the nosological entities of CM that was for the cleft lip (60.65%) and cerebrospinal hernia (46.51%).
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Sep 2008
Review[Hygienic evaluation of water supply in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District--Yugry].
The paper considers the sources of water supply of the population of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District--Yugry. It gives data on the quality of water from the underground and surface sources. ⋯ The state of most domestic water pipes was ascertained to be poor: 35.8% of the municipal water pipes and 75.0% of the departmental ones did not meet the hygienic requirements. 52.8% of water samples failed to meet the hygienic standards in sanitary and chemical indices, and 3.7% in microbiological ones, which undoubtedly affected the population's health. There are two ways of improving the water supply of the district's population: 1) to improve purification of the whole water delivered to inhabited localities and 2) to provide the population with high-quality water to be only drunk, including that to be bottled.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Sep 2008
Comparative Study[Hygienic assessment of ambient air pollution in the industrial towns of the Republic of Karelia and that of a risk to the health status of pediatric and adolescent populations].
The pollutants entering the ambient air due to the production activity of the basic industrial enterprises situated in the western, central, and southern areas of the Republic of Karelia are analyzed. Associations are shown between the indices characterizing non-carcinogenic risks of sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitric oxides, and suspension particles and the rates of diseases of a number of systems and organs in children and adolescents in Karelia. Procedures are proposed to improve the performance of monitoring studies of environmental pollutant emissions.
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The paper presents the results of examining the snow cover polluted with heavy metals in the large industrial town of Ufa. The level of man-caused burden on the snow cover of the conventional parts of the town was estimated and compared upon exposure to a wide range of snow cover pollutants. The priority snow cover pollutants were identified among the test heavy metals.