Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Nov 2014
[Scientific substantiation of perfection of sanitary bacteriological monitoring in drinking water use].
Criterion of the epidemic safety of drinking water is the absence of pathogenic and potentially pathogenic microorganisms. Currently, water quality control is performed in terms of the index of total coliform bacteria (TCB). ⋯ The frequency of detection of GCB in standard quality of drinking water as well as the application of the methodology for the assessment of the microbial risk of the occurrence of bacterial intestinal infections with the use of integral index--GCB, provide the most reliable prediction of risk in the occurrence of water-caused intestinal infections and more objectively reflect the epidemiological importance of drinking water in their distribution among the population. Proceeding from the data obtained, it is advisable to carry out the quality control of drinking water with the use of the broader indicator index GCB- detected from basic signs of the Enterobacteriaceae family--glucose fermentation and oxidase test and oxidase test.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Sep 2014
[Ecologo-hygienic criteria and monitoring indices of oil-contaminated peaty soils].
Intensive oil extraction in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug is not uncommon accompanied by emergency situations giving rise to the pollution of soil, surface and groundwater and causing an elevation in the population morbidity rate. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the basis for information value of hygienic indices of peat soils with low levels of oil contamination: from background values to exceeding the latters as much as 10-20 times, to apply in the study results in hygienic monitoring and oil regulation. The study was performed in accordance with the current methodological regulations. There was established the expediency of determination in transforming in the soil, composition of the petroleum hydrocarbons not only alkanes but arenes and resin-asphaltene fractions, indices of phytotoxicity, translocation of petroleum products into plants testing of soil extracts on protozoa and invertebrates.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Sep 2014
[Dynamics of adaptation processes and morbidity risk for the popupation of the territory of industrial cities].
There was investigated the character of the adaptation processes in the population residing in conditions ofprolonged exposure to environmental pollution in the territory of the industrial cities of the Irkutsk region in order to identify the possible periodicity of their manifestations in the formation of the morbidity risk for the population of different age groups. Under conditions of prolonged exposure to air pollution and other adverse unfavorable factors of industrial cities in the population of all age groups long cyclic changes of adaptation processes in the body in the form of repeated 11-15-years cycles in which a period of relative destabilization of physiological functions with lowered resistance is replaced by the period with the state of elevated nonspecific resistance were established to be observed. Undulating changes of the dynamics of the relative risks of general morbidity should be considered in the assessment of the medical and environmental situation in the territory and making the managing decisions at the base on the data of public health monitoring.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2014
[hygienic assessment of the effectiveness of the implementation of the concept for the improvement the water supply of population in the south-east region of the Republic of Tatarstan].
In the paper there is presented the hygienic evaluation of the implementation of the program aimed at the improvement of the water supply of the population in the oil-producing regions of the Republic of Tatarstan. As a result of the implementation of measures it managed to improve the quality of drinking water in terms of chemical harmlessness and to reduce the risk to public health. Currently following factors as quality of the water from water sources, the mismatch of sanitary protection zone to requirements of sanitary legislation and the failure of regime measures in its territory, water quality deterioration during transportation and the inadequacies in the laboratory control were shown to make the highest contribution to the disadvantage of centralized drinking water systems.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2014
Comparative Study[Lifestyle of the students of specialized educational institutions and lyceum].
The results of the survey indicate that students of the specialized educational institution have grown in less favorable conditions than lyceum students, they often brought up in single-parent (45% vs. 26%), large (34% vs. 14%) families, their parents are less likely to have higher education. Lifestyle of the parents of students of specialized educational institution is more "unhealthy" than in families of lyceum students: parents drink alcohol 1.8 times more frequently, the prevalence of smoking among mothers was 24 times more. Among students of the specialized educational institution one in five (21%) had the experience of tobacco smoking, among lyceum students--only every 25th (4.0%), alcohol use is common in 24% of pupils and 6% of lyceum students, 7.1% of students irregularly use drugs, among lyceum students there was no such children. Irrational mode of the day was more common among lyceum students: they less frequently rate their health as good (61% vs. 76%), had more complaints about their health, as well as more often experience a fatigue after training sessions (40% versus 26%) and difficulty in falling asleep.