Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2004
Comparative Study[Influence of multimetallic pollution of environmental objects on changes in the trace element composition of the biological media in children].
The paper shows guidelines used to develop a procedure for detecting heavy metals in biological fluids (urine, bile, gastric juice, blood, hair, placenta, meconium, breast milk) by atomic absorption spectrophotometry at the level of 10(-1)-10(-3) microg/ml(-1) with the maximum analysis error of 17.9%. It also proposes guidelines for determining (calculating) the regional background levels of metals in the biological media of children (in case of the Perm Region). The guidelines have been used to compare the ecological situation in large industrial towns of the Perm Region in compliance with the standard levels of metals in the biological media. The results of studies of risk groups, such as lying women and neonatal infants, show a number of relationships and regularities that lie in diminishing the barrier function of the placenta in the mother-newborn system in a poor environmental area.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · Jul 2004
Comparative Study[Some environmental and hygienic aspects of preschool children's health in an industrial town].
The results of a medical genetic study of the spread of congenital morphogenetic types (CMGT) among 3-7-year-old children living in Magnitogorsk whose territory is highly polluted with chemical compounds are presented. In Magnitogorsk, the mean of CMGT cases per child is 2.89, which is much greater than the respective values for environmentally favorable cities and towns in Russia. The most common signs are as follows: diastema (137.79 cases per 1000 children), clinodactyly (135.98 per 1000), epicanthus (122.44 per 1000), and wide umbilical ring (110.71 per 1000).
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2004
[Influence of negative factors of the living environment on respiratory diseases in children].
An epidemiological survey was made in 9 cities and towns of Russia to study the influence of negative characteristics of an inhabited place on respiratory diseases in children. About 6,000 questionnaires questioning the living conditions of young children were filled in. ⋯ The logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between the characteristics of the inhabited place of schoolchildren and the presence of respiratory and allergic diseases. A significant relationship was established between the frequent leakages, the presence of mould in the rooms, and the risk for bronchial asthma, persistent productive cough, persistent stertorous respiration, respiratory infections and any manifestations of allergic reactions in children.