Gigiena i sanitariia
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2004
[Hygienic aspects of the impact of solid waste disposal sites on the habitat].
The "Dmitrovsky" solid garbage (SG) ground is one of the largest enterprises of this kind in the Moscow Region. A total of 200,000-750,000 tons of solid garbage (91%) and industrial waste products (9%) annually come to the ground. ⋯ From the accumulated SG deposits, iron, manganese, beryllium, titanium, barium, boron, petroleum products enter the surface and underground waters, methane, carbon oxide, ammonia, toluene, xylene, hydrogen sulfide, cresol, phenol come into the atmospheric air; the compounds of zinc, lead, cadmium, copper, nickel, magnesium, and cobalt do into the soil. The studies conducted in 1997-2002 make it possible to establish that the ground has a negative impact on the environment and to evaluate the efficiency of nature-conservation and hygienic measures, and to improve the technological process of SG utilization.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2004
[Health status and physical development in Stavropol' preschool children].
A total of 1097 children aged 2 to 6 years who went to preschool children's facilities in Stavropol were examined. Of them there were 525 (47.7%) boys and 574 (52.3%) girls. ⋯ A comprehensive analysis of the health status of the study groups shows that at preschool age, the number of children having Health Group I decreased at the expense of an increase in Health Group III children. The reasons for a rise in the incidence of diseases at this age may be more cases of poor living conditions, tense adaptive processes in the presence of incomplete immunogenesis, physiological lymphoid tissue hyperplasia, high rates of allergic reactions.
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Many hygienic studies have indicated that the traditional structure of a school year, which exists at educational establishments and which is divided into four school terms that are unequal in duration does not correspond to the physiological capacities of most schoolchildren. The new structure of a school year under which (1-week) vocations are held every 5-6 weeks of study is outlined. The regular alternation of the periods of study and rest was ascertained to promote to the higher stability of the parameters of pupils' working capacity within the school year as compared with its traditional division into four terms. There is evidence that the new calendar of school vocations, as compared to the traditional one, has a health-promoting effect, which is determined by the lower incidence rates of acute diseases, by the less tension of cardiovascular tonogenic tension, by the preservation of higher adaptive capacities in the pupils at the end of a school year, by the lower incidence rates of increased and high neurotization in the pupils, by their more steady-state psychoemotional status and higher performance in studies.
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Gigiena i sanitariia · May 2004
[Some results of the activities of the sanitary-epidemiological service in environmental monitoring in the Tashkent region of the Republic of Uzbekistan].
The paper describes some results of the activities of the centers of the sanitary-and-epidemiological service of the Ministry of Republic of Uzbekistan in controlling the quality of tap water, the pollution of atmospheric air, soil, raw food and foodstuffs under the reforms of the public health system (according to the 2001 data).