Annales chirurgiae et gynaecologiae
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Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Circulatory responses to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation in patients with and without cardiovascular disease. Effect of prophylactic practolol.
The effect of small intravenous doses of practolol (0.2 mg/kg body weight) on the circulatory response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation, when administered with atropine (0.01 mg/kg b.w.) prior to anaesthesia was studied in 39 patients with and without cardiovascular disease. Practolol diminished significantly the rise of mean arterial pressure and pulse rate affected by laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation when performed under thiopentone-succinylcholine anaesthesia. ⋯ The small practolol dose used had no adverse circulatory effects. It is suggested that the administration of a small prophylactic dose of practolol is useful in preventing the excessive cardiovascular response due to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation.
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A case of cardiac rupture secondary to blunt chest injury and its successful surgical repair is described. A review of the literature based on eleven previous similar cases is given.
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A review is given of a 15 year experience of valve replacement with Teflon cusps, pericardial cusps, Starr-Edwards, Key-Shiley, Wada-Cutter and Björk-Shiley artificial valve prosthesis. The Björk-Shiley tilting disc valves have shown the lowest gradient and blood trauma and excellent durability in more than 1 000 implantations during a 7 year period. Anticoagulation therapy is considered necessary with all types of artificial heart valves. Thrombo-embolism is negligible after aortic valve replacement (1 episode in 4 000 patient months) but still a problem in the mitral position (4 episodes in 1 000 patient months).
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
The antiemetic effect of dixyrazine in postoperative patients-- a double-blind study.
A double-blind controlled study based on 197 women undergoing legal abortion (part I) or gynaecological surgery (part II) was employed to estimate the antiemetic effect of dixyrazine. Dixyrazine or part I) or intramuscularly at the end of anaesthesia (part II) and repeated when necessary. ⋯ Overall, a marked antiemetic response in the dixyrazine groups was observed when compared with the placebo treated groups in both part I and II (p less than 0.001). Dixyrazine proved to be superior to placebo especially in patients who were not prone to nausea or who received no major postoperative analgesics (p less than 0.001).
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
A study of cumulative effects and recovery from anaesthesia with intermittent doses of althesin. A comparison with methohexitone.
The cumulative effects and post-anaesthetic recovery of Althesin were studied by comparing the drug with methohexitone in a series of 60 patients undergoing surgery for varicose veins. Anaesthesia was maintained with each anaesthetic agent in 30 patients by administration of intermittent doses of the respective drugs in accordance with the surgical stimulus. When repeat doses were required at intervals of 2 to 5 minutes, the fall off in requirements was observed with both anaesthetics, more distinctly with Althesin than with methohexitone. ⋯ Frequency of nausea and vomiting after anaesthesia was considerably higher in the Althesin group than in the methohexitone group. These symptoms might be toxic due to the excessive dosage given. Using the induction time as a basis for calculation of the potency ratio, Althesin and methohexiton were found to have the ratio of 1:33 (expressed in mu1/kg : mg/kg).