Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR
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Ankyloglossia among children of regular and special schools in karnataka, India: a prevalence study.
Tongue-tie (more formally known as ankyloglossia) is a congenital anomaly characterized by an abnormally short lingual frenulum, which may restrict the mobility of the tongue tip impairing its ability to fulfil its functions. Ankyloglossia is uncommon, but not rare. Incidence figures reported in the literature vary widely, ranging from 0.02% to 4.8%. Incidences of upto 10.7% have been reported. Since the literature provides no uniformity of information with regard to the incidence of tongue tie. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of tonguetie in general population and mentally challenged population, measure the grades of tongue-tie and also to determine the relations of gender with tongue-tie. ⋯ Diagnostic criteria and definitive classifying systems are needed to allow for further comparative studies.
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Spinal anaesthesia is the primary anaesthetic technique for many types of surgeries. Adjuncts to the local anaesthetics (LA) used in spinal anaesthesia can exhibit undesirable side-effects like respiratory depression, urinary retention, pruritis, haemodynamic instability and nausea and vomiting, limiting their use. Magnesium when used in therapeutic doses avoids all of these side-effects. ⋯ N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, magnesium when administered intrathecally along with local anaesthetics prolongs the duration of spinal analgesia without adverse effects.
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Neglected Monteggia fracture dislocation in the paediatric age group constitutes significant disability in respect to pain, stiffness, deformity, neurological compromise and restriction of activities of daily living. ⋯ Study showed good results with modified Hirayama osteotomy with annular ligament reconstruction using Bell Tawse procedure which is a more biological option for restoration of elbow biomechanics.
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Pleural effusion is a common diagnostic dilemma for the pulmonologist. A histological diagnosis would many a time steer the way to an accurate diagnosis of the aetiologies of pleural effusions. This study has compared two methods for obtaining histological specimens in cases of undiagnosed pleural effusions. ⋯ Medical thoracoscopic pleural biopsy had a better diagnostic yield with a lower complication rate as compared to closed pleural biopsy with Abrahm's needle.
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Puerperal sterilization requires a rapid recovery of the mother so that she can take care of her child. Propofol with fentanyl (PF) is an option, but is associated with intraoperative hypotension, respiratory depression and an unsatisfactory postoperative recovery profile. Propofol with ketamine (PK) appears to be an alternative in terms of haemodynamic stability and analgesia. ⋯ The combination of ketamine and propofol is a safe and possibly superior alternative to propofol - fentanyl combination in patients who undergo puerperal sterilization, in terms of haemodynamic stability and respiratory depression.