Qualitative health research
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Evidence linking both active smoking and secondhand smoke exposure to premenopausal breast cancer makes the development of health messages specific to younger women a pressing priority. To determine how to communicate information about this modifiable breast cancer risk to young women, we analyzed a selection of 32 recent English-language breast cancer messages and campaigns that targeted young women. ⋯ Although the intent might be to educate and empower young women to "fight" against breast cancer, paradoxically, the messages employ imagery that sexually objectifies young women's breasts and bodies. Recommendations are made for messaging about tobacco and breast cancer risk to avoid reproducing one-dimensional or stereotypical presentations of gender and femininity.
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In this article, we aim to describe the practical aspects of research actions that should be taken into account when two methods--the think-aloud technique for data collection and protocol analysis as an analysis technique--are combined with research of decision making in acute clinical settings. These methods are rarely used together or written about in health care research. ⋯ The examples in the article are based on our study, in which we investigated the decision making of critical care experts. We find that the combination of the think-aloud technique and protocol analysis is applicable when investigating complex and overlapping decision-making processes and rapid, ad hoc decisions made by critical care experts.
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Despite the development and implementation of team training models in geriatrics and palliative care, little attention has been paid to the nature and process of teamwork. Geriatrics and palliative care in the clinical setting offer an interdisciplinary approach structured to meet the comprehensive needs of a patient and his or her family. Fellowship members of an interdisciplinary geriatric and palliative care team participated in semistructured interviews. ⋯ A functional narrative analysis revealed four themes: voice of the lifeworld, caregiver teamwork, alone on a team, and storying disciplinary communication. The content-ordering function of narratives revealed a divergence in team members' conceptualization of teamwork and team effectiveness, and group ordering of narratives documented the collaborative nature of teams. The study findings demonstrate the potential for narratives as a pedagogical tool in team training, highlighting the benefits of reflective practice for improving teamwork and sustainability.
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The purpose of this study was to understand the experiences of nurses who participate with families during resuscitation and invasive procedures in the hospital. Seventeen nurses in a large metropolitan area in the northeastern United States were interviewed about their thoughts and feelings about participating with families during these procedures. Conversations were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim for analysis. ⋯ Four main themes were identified from the data: forging a connection, engaging the family, transition to acceptance, and a cautious approach. The experience of participating in family presence during resuscitation or invasive procedures can be a positive experience for the nurse by forging a connection with family. The experience for the nurse might include a transition to acceptance and a committed change in practice.
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Adopting principles applied in discursive psychology and translated to suit the practice of participatory health education, we describe in this article the five steps of the discursive action method (DAM). With this method, adolescents are stimulated to explore their own everyday conversations to become consciously aware of how they talk about health issues with their peers. Using detailed accounts of adolescents' experiences with the method, we present some first indications of the kinds of results this method can achieve. We show that the strength of the method specifically lies in two closely related domains: (a) stimulating adolescents' attentiveness to interactional problems and strategies as they occur in their own everyday talk, and (b) operating as a catalyst for developing participatory health activities aimed at peers.