Thorax
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
QVA149 demonstrates superior bronchodilation compared with indacaterol or placebo in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
This randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled, four-period crossover study assessed the efficacy and safety of once-daily QVA149, a dual bronchodilator consisting of the long-acting β2-agonist indacaterol and the long-acting muscarinic antagonist glycopyrronium (NVA237), in patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). ⋯ NCT00570778.
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Early detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is essential for successful eradication. The accuracy of serum antibodies against specific and multiple P aeruginosa antigens at predicting lower airway infection in young children with cystic fibrosis (CF) was investigated. ⋯ Measuring serum antibody responses against P aeruginosa is of limited value for detecting early P aeruginosa infection in young children with CF.
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Review Meta Analysis
Value of severity scales in predicting mortality from community-acquired pneumonia: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Several scoring systems have been used to predict mortality in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. The properties of commonly used risk stratification scales were systematically reviewed. ⋯ The current risk stratification scales (PSI, CURB-65, CRB-65 and CURB) have different strengths and weaknesses. All four scales had good negative predictive values for mortality in populations with a low prevalence of death but were less useful with regard to positive predictive values.
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The grading of radiological severity in clinical trials in tuberculosis (TB) remains unstandardised. The aim of this study was to generate and validate a numerical score for grading chest x-ray (CXR) severity and predicting response to treatment in adults with smear-positive pulmonary TB. ⋯ This simple, validated method for grading CXR severity in adults with smear-positive pulmonary TB correlates with baseline clinical and microbiological severity and response to treatment, and is suitable for use in clinical trials.