Arkhiv patologii
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Sarcoidosis is a group of diseases with chronic immune inflammation and granulomas formation in the lung, lymph nodes, and others organs. Under progress of disease remodeling of the lung tissue occurs and at 20-25% of patient with sarcoidosis lung fibrosis is developed. We studied biopsies from 50 patients with sarcoidosis and 10 biopsies of pathological intact lung tissue as a control group. ⋯ Cells of sarcoidosis granulomas, produced low level of MMPs and TIMP can't induce evident fibrosis and so hypertension is absent or becomes apparent in the slight form. It apparently can be link with localization of pathologic process in lung tissue without any alterations in the bronchoalveolar zone. Alveolitis under sarcoidosis conditions is notable for low activity of inflammation and doesn't result in interstitial fibrosis developing.
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The aim of the investigation was to study the specific features of morphological manifestations and the molecular bases of lung tissue remodeling in progressive idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The investigation used open and transbronchial biopsy specimens from 110 patients with IPE/idiopathic pneumonia syndrome in 1997 to 2008. Immunohistochemical analysis was carried out on serial paraffin-embedded lung tissue slices from 20 patients with IPF and 20 control patients. ⋯ At the same time, late-stage IPF was characterized by the higher expression in all lung tissue cells than was early-stage IPF. There was also a significant increase in vessel density in both early and late stages of IPF as compared with intact lung tissue particularly in the BATZ in the control group. Thus, lung tissue remodeling in the progression of IPF from the early to late stage of the disease comprises interrelated processes that are largely localized in the BATZ, such as immune inflammation with pathological reparation, neoangiogenesis, apoptosis, and proliferation of epitheliocytes and myofibroblasts, which lead to the development of interstitial fibrosis and adenomatosis of the lung.
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Forty autopsy cases died from A/H1N1 influenza in Moscow, the Moscow Region, and Chita were analyzed. Major changes were found to develop in the trachea and lung. ⋯ In addition, the signs of viremia-associated infectious-toxic shock, as suggested by pronounced changes in the brain, kidneys, liver, spleen, adrenals, and lymph nodes were revealed. Bacterial bronchopneumonia was detected only in 20% of cases.
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In the available literature, there are single papers on the association of the values of external respiratory function and the EchoCG sings of pulmonary hypertension with the morphological parameters of pulmonary arterial branches in idiopathic pulmonary hypertension (IPH) and secondary pulmonary hypertension (SPH). The present investigation comprised a comprehensive study of life-time functional changes in the cardiopulmonary system and postmortem morphometric changes in the heart and pulmonary vessels in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)-induced SPH and IPH. ⋯ The magnitude of right and left ventricular dysfunction corresponds to the degree of pulmonary hypertension (PH) and cor pulmonale. In IPF, the decreases in tidal volumes and pulmonary diffusion capacity favor PH progression.