Arkhiv patologii
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The following pulmonary lesions were studied: carcinoma, carcinoid, tuberculoma, chondromatous hamartoma, chronic non-specific inflammatory process. Material was obtained through fiber bronchoscopy and roentgeno-endoscopical examination. Pappenheim staining in the modification of Astrakhantsev-Nechaeva and Ziehl-Neelsen staining were used. 80 cases within 1993 were studied, among them 71 peripheral lung carcinomas. 3 carcinoids, 3 tuberculoses, 1 non-specific inflammation. Basic cytological criteria are summarized which will improve the quality of the presurgical diagnosis.
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200 appendices surgically removed because of the acute appendicitis were studied. Pseudo-diverticula are found in 42 cases (21%) and only in 3 of them signs of acute inflammation were absent. ⋯ All appendices with stones contained acute destructive alterations. Faecal stones were associated with diverticula in 11 cases and were cause of their development and inflammation.
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Cancer incidence statistics in the Russian Federation and the evidence from epidemiological and experimental studies suggest that the priority in primary prevention of cancer should be given to smoking control. Discontinuation of smoking may prevent in Russia annually about 80,000 cases of cancer, or about 25% of all newly diagnosed cases of cancer in 1989 (excluding skin squamous and basal cell carcinoma). ⋯ The elimination of occupational carcinogens or a decrease in exposure to them would result in an important decrease in the incidence of certain cancers in highly industrialized areas. A decrease in the exposure to carcinogens in ambient air and the protection from exposure to ionizing radiation are of some, although limited, importance in cancer prevention.
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Dynamics of blood coagulation and morphological changes after the intravenous administration of Salmonella typhimurium endotoxin is studied experimentally in Chinchilla rabbits. The stages of blood coagulation are established characteristic for the above syndrome. ⋯ No considerable consumption of the blood coagulation factors is found. It is concluded that a leading role in the pathogenesis of the endotoxin shock microcirculatory disturbances belongs to the vascular damage and aggregation thrombocytopenia and not to the coagulopathy consumption.