The Journal of the Louisiana State Medical Society : official organ of the Louisiana State Medical Society
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This study investigated treatment patterns among Louisiana residents diagnosed with clinically localized prostate cancer in 2001 and factors that may be associated with the treatment. The differences in the initial treatment between 1997 and 2001 were also examined. The data were collected from hospital medical records, supplemented by information from freestanding radiation centers and physicians' offices. ⋯ Patients with elevated PSA and high Gleason scores were less likely to receive radical prostatectomy even after the adjustment. From 1997 to 2001, utilization of radiation and hormonal therapies increased, and watchful waiting decreased among newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients. Utilization of radical prostatectomy showed no significant change over time.
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Caterpillars are the wormlike larval forms of butterflies and moths of the insect order Lepidoptera. Next to flies, lepidopterans are the most abundant arthropods with over 165,000 species worldwide, over 11,000 species in the United States alone, and with most species posing no human threats. Caterpillar species from several families of moths in the South can inflict serious human injuries ranging from urticarial dermatitis and conjunctivitis to atopic asthma and pan-uveitis. Since the 1970s, there have been increasing reports of dermatolgic, pulmonary, and systemic reactions following caterpillar encounters throughout the South.
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Zygomycosis refers to diseases caused by filamentous fungi from the class Zygomycetes. These organisms are ubiquitous in nature and can be found in soil as well as in decaying organic matter such as fruit and bread. ⋯ Isolated involvement of the central nervous system is rare and is most often associated with intravenous drug use. This case report describes isolated cerebral zygomycosis in an intravenous drug user.
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Cocaine use in North America has reached epidemic proportions becoming one of the top causes of drug-related visits to US emergency rooms. The number of users has increased due to the popularity and accessibility of crack cocaine. The pharmacokinetic properties and effects of cocaine on the cardiovascular system can lead to serious complications. ⋯ Cocaine use has been associated with the development of dilated cardiomyopathy, left ventricular dysfunction, and can also predispose a patient to a variety of cardiac arrhythmias including sudden cardiac death. Additionally, cocaine use has been associated with spontaneous aortic and coronary dissection, mesenteric ischemia, stroke, venous thrombosis, and a variety of pulmonary complications. This review article focuses on the effects and complications of cocaine upon the cardiovascular system.
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Case Reports
Clinical case of the month. 3-year-old boy presenting with a hand rash. Juvenile dermatomyositis.
Of the diseases within the spectrum of the juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is the most common. As the name implies, JDM affects the muscles and skin most commonly, but can involve other organ systems as well. ⋯ By the time muscle weakness had developed, the patient had already been evaluated for dermatomyositis and therapy had been initiated. An understanding of these early clinical findings will enable physicians to make a timely diagnosis and commence therapy promptly in order to prevent life-threatening sequelae of the disease.