Rinshō shinkeigaku = Clinical neurology
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Review Case Reports
[A case of dural arteriovenous fistula at the craniocervical junction, which spinal MRI findings reveals increased intensity signal in Th3-medullary cone].
A 60-year-old woman had transient weakness of the legs and urinary retention for six weeks. She presented with a gait disorder and was admitted to the hospital. She showed symptoms of paraplegia, tingling in the lower extremities, dysuria. ⋯ Cervical and spinal angiography documented a dural arteriovenous fistula at the craniocervical junction that was fed by the right vertebral artery and the right ascending pharyngeal arteries and drained into the perimedullary veins. Surgical therapy improved her symptoms and MRI images. Craniocervical junction DAVF with thoracic-medullary cones lesion is rare.
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Review Case Reports
[A case of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome associated with Takayasu's arteritis].
A 75-year-old woman presented with a 4-month history of repetitive loss of consciousness, dizziness, and ear fullness. Fluid attenuation inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging showed high-intensity areas in the right occipital lobe, both frontal lobes, and parietal lobes, and the patient was therefore admitted to our department for further examination. ⋯ The head magnetic resonance imaging findings disappeared within 4 months and the patient was diagnosed with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome associated with elderly female Takayasu's arteritis is rare. ; the present case therefore offers valuable information.
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Review Case Reports
[A case with both infectious cavernous sinus thrombosis and Lemierre syndrome due to intraoral resident flora].
The present report describes a 54-year-old woman with cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST) presenting with fever, and marked periorbital swelling. There is a history of untreated periodontal disease. On initial examination, periorbital pain associated with bilateral blephaloptosis, chemosis, and disturbed eye movement was present. ⋯ Antibiotic and anticoagulant treatment were initiated, and the tooth decay was treated; all clinical symptoms and signs subsequently improved. Additional neuroimaging showed that the thrombus was absent from both SOV and the cavernous sinus. Infectious CST is life threatening; therefore, laboratory and imaging examination should be performed quickly, and antibiotic and anticoagulant therapy administrated immediately.
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The author reviewed the clinical records and neuroradiologic examinations of 86 consecutive patients with orthostatic headache who visited our clinic between April 1995 and December 2014. Fifty-six patients were suspected to have spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH). The baseline characteristics of these patients were essentially similar to those reported in other published case series of SIH: female preponderance, mean age of approximately 40 years, and frequent association with nausea, hearing disturbances, or vertigo. ⋯ Linear regression analysis demonstrated that the duration of orthostatic headache was associated with the interval from onset of headache to initial visit to our clinic, with the slope of the regression line 1.243 and intercept 14.8 days. Thus, early diagnosis of SIH appeared to correlate with earlier disappearance of orthostatic headache. No other factors were found to predict the outcome of SIH.
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Lemierre syndrome is a clinical syndrome that presents with internal jugular thrombophlebitis, septicemia and systemic abscess formations. In general, the condition is preceded by oropharyngeal infections. We report a case of a 73-year-old man with Lemierre syndrome, clivus osteomyelitis and a steroid-responsive mass in the cavernous sinus-suprasellar region. ⋯ He was eventually discharged in a fully ambulatory state and had no ophthalmic difficulties. We thought that the osteomyelitis of clivus was caused by Lemierre syndrome and its inflammatory processes formed the granuloma in the cavernous sinus-suprasellar region. This was a case of Lemierre syndrome with a rare combination of clivus osteomyelitis and a steroid-responsive tumour in the cavernous sinus-suprasellar region that was successfully treated.