Wiadomości lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960)
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Approximately 10% of persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and 75-90% patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) present neurological symptoms. This group causes the greatest diagnostic difficulties among AIDS patients. The purpose of the study was to demonstrate the usefulness of the magnetic resonance imaging (MR) of the central nervous system (CNS) in the diagnosis and differentiation of primary and secondary lesions. ⋯ Magnetic resonance imaging has a high sensitivity in identifying lesions of the central nervous system. It is very useful, together with the results of other tests, in the final diagnosis of the lesions in the CNS. Magnetic resonance plays also an important role in the treatment planning and monitoring of the efficacy of therapy used in AIDS patients.
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Clinically silent adrenal masses (incidentaloma) are incidentally discovered lesions when noninvasive imaging methods (ultrasonography--USG, computer tomography--CT, magnetic resonance imaging--MRI) are performed for the reason other than known or suspected adrenal disease. Most of studies report the prevalence of adrenal incidentaloma range between 1 and 10% in radiological series. ⋯ All malignancies were found in tumors with the diameter over 3 cm. In tumors with diameter over 6 cm malignant cases were found in 70.8%.
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the most frequent disorder of respiratory tract. Smoking cigarettes and additionally occupational exposure to certain substances are the risk factors of this disease. The aim of our study was to assess the frequency of COPD among works of the pesticides producing factory in Jaworzno, Poland. ⋯ We concluded that the frequency of COPD is increased in workers exposed to pesticides at work compared to subjects not exposed. The main risk factors for development of COPD among these patients were the length of exposure to pesticides and to lesser degree number of smoked cigarettes.
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Dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD) is a rare, autosomal dominant (GTP-cyclohydroxylase gen mutation on chromosome 14q) or rarely recessive (tyrosine hydroxylase gene mutation on chromosome 11p) inherited disorder. Both enzymes take part in dopamine synthesis. Their deficiencies cause the dopamine level reduction. ⋯ The clinical status improved, dystonic movements disappeared completely. The authors indicate that DRD must be taken into account in differential diagnosis of movement disorders in children, mostly in progressive cases. Good effect of L-Dopa treatment is one of the basic phenomena helpful in DRD recognition.
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Cervical spine injuries are common and essential diagnostic problem. Diagnostic imaging is necessary for proper and effective treatment. Helical computed tomography (CT) and plain radiography are the basic diagnostic methods in cervical spine injuries. ⋯ CT examination is the basic technique of diagnostic imaging in a case of cervical spine injuries. It enables quick, accurate and precise evaluation of bone structures and surrounding soft tissues. CT also enables multiplanar imaging and 3-dimentional imaging.