Seminars in oncology
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Seminars in oncology · Dec 2004
ReviewPreclinical perspectives on the use of platinum compounds in cancer chemotherapy.
Although platinum compounds have long been used in cancer chemotherapy, understanding the biochemistry and specific activity of these agents remains a focus of ongoing research, particularly with regard to next-generation platinum agents. This review will examine current knowledge and recent studies of the molecular mechanisms of platinum DNA damage and repair, including novel platinum DNA targets. Gene expression associated with platinum DNA damage will also be explored, as well as mechanisms of platinum-drug delivery, drug resistance, and future directions in the development of novel platinum agents.
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Seminars in oncology · Oct 2004
ReviewAdvances in neurosurgical technique in the current management of brain tumors.
Despite significant advances in anatomical and functional neuroimaging modalities (eg, magnetic resonance [MR] imaging [MRI], MR spectroscopy [MRS], diffusion and perfusion MR, functional MRI [fMRI], magnetic-source imaging [MSI], diffusion tensor imaging [DTI]) and neuronavigation techniques, intraoperatively obtained functional information remains of crucial importance to the neurosurgeon, especially when operating on tumors that are located in or adjacent to functional cortical sites and subcortical pathways. This article focuses on recent advances in the surgical management of of intracerebral tumors with special emphasis on intraoperative cortical and subcortical stimulation mapping methods, and the prognostic significance of surgery on patient outcome.
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Seminars in oncology · Dec 2003
ReviewTreating seizures in patients with brain tumors: Drug interactions between antiepileptic and chemotherapeutic agents.
Seizures are a common complication in patients with primary brain tumors or brain metastases that require treatment with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). However, because many AEDs and chemotherapeutics share common metabolic pathways via the hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoenzymes, there is potential for drug interactions. Phenytoin, carbamazepine, and phenobarbital are potent enzyme-inducing AEDs (EIAEDs) that can cause a decrease in the serum concentration of chemotherapeutics, potentially compromising antitumor activity. ⋯ Interactions between these newer AEDs and chemotherapeutic agents have not been reported. In summary, the potential interactions between AEDs and chemotherapy should be anticipated and appropriate proactive adjustments implemented. Future studies will define the role of newer AEDs in the treatment of patients with primary brain tumors.