The American journal of gastroenterology
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Am. J. Gastroenterol. · May 1999
Abnormalities of serum amylase and lipase in HIV-positive patients.
We sought to study asymptomatic pancreatic enzyme abnormalities in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. ⋯ Asymptomatic mild to moderate elevations of amylase or lipase are common in HIV-positive patients, and are usually associated with positive serology for chronic hepatitis B or C, and medications, especially antiretrovirals and intravenous cotrimoxazole.
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Am. J. Gastroenterol. · May 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialA double-blind multicenter comparison of domperidone and metoclopramide in the treatment of diabetic patients with symptoms of gastroparesis.
A double-blind, multicenter, randomized trial was conducted to compare the side effects and efficacy of domperidone and metoclopramide in symptomatic diabetic gastroparesis. ⋯ Domperidone and metoclopramide effectively reduce the symptoms of diabetic gastroparesis; CNS side effects are more pronounced with metoclopramide.
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Am. J. Gastroenterol. · May 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffect of low and high fat meals on lower esophageal sphincter motility and gastroesophageal reflux in healthy subjects.
The reported effects of fatty meals on lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP) and gastroesophageal reflux (GER) are controversial. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to reevaluate the effect of isocaloric and isovolumetric low and high fat meals on LESP and GER. ⋯ In healthy volunteers no difference in post-prandial LESP and GER was seen after a high fat meal compared with an isocaloric and isovolumetric low fat meal. Our results suggest that it is inappropriate to advise GER patients to reduce the fat content of their meals for symptom relief.
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Am. J. Gastroenterol. · May 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialTen-day triple therapy with ranitidine bismuth citrate, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin in eradicating Helicobacter pylori.
Fourteen-day therapy with ranitidine bismuth citrate, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin has been shown to have a high Helicobacter pylori eradication rate (> 90%) in U.S. trials. The aim of this study was to determine the H. pylori eradication rate of a ranitidine bismuth citrate-based triple regimen of shorter duration (10 days), which has been shown to be effective in Europe. ⋯ Ten-day, twice-daily therapy with ranitidine bismuth citrate, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin has an eradication rate that ranges from 62-75%. Fourteen-day therapy may be preferable because of higher eradication rates.
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Am. J. Gastroenterol. · May 1999
Comparative StudyCitric acid as the test meal for the 13C-urea breath test.
Test meals are used in the urea breath test to slow gastric emptying and to increase the area of contact with the substrate. Recently, citric acid has been suggested as an improved liquid test meal. The mechanism is unknown and could act by delaying gastric emptying, decreasing the pH at the site of the bacteria, or both. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of citric acid test meals on urea hydrolysis in vivo, to identify the possible mechanism for enhanced urea hydrolysis, and to identify the minimum effective dose. ⋯ The data are consistent with the marked effect of citric acid on gastric emptying and, possibly, distribution of the urea within the stomach being largely responsible for the enhanced urease activity with citric acid test meals. It should be possible to use a low dose of citric acid (e.g., 1 g per 200 ml) to enhance the simplicity and palatability of the test.