The American journal of gastroenterology
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Am. J. Gastroenterol. · Jul 2013
Mast cell tryptase reduces junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A) expression in intestinal epithelial cells: implications for the mechanisms of barrier dysfunction in irritable bowel syndrome.
The objective of this study was to investigate how mast cell tryptase may influence intestinal permeability and tight junction (TJ) proteins in vitro and explore translation to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). ⋯ uced JAM-A expression in vitro appears to contribute to the underlying mechanisms of altered epithelial integrity in response to tryptase released from degranulating mast cells. In IBS, JAM-A expression was significantly reduced in the cecal epithelium and associated with abdominal pain severity. JAM-A may provide new insights into the underlying mechanisms in IBS.
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Am. J. Gastroenterol. · Jun 2013
The metoclopramide black box warning for tardive dyskinesia: effect on clinical practice, adverse event reporting, and prescription drug lawsuits.
We examined the effects of the black box warning about the risk of tardive dyskinesia (TD) with chronic use of metoclopramide on management of gastroparesis within a single clinical practice, and on reporting of adverse events. ⋯ The black box warning for metoclopramide has decreased its usage and increased its rate of adverse event reporting. Lawyer-initiated reports of TD hinder pharmacovigilance.
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Am. J. Gastroenterol. · Jun 2013
Patients suspected of irritable bowel syndrome--cross-sectional study exploring the sensitivity of Rome III criteria in primary care.
The Rome III criteria for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are recommended by guidelines to help identify the syndrome. The majority of IBS patients are managed in primary care, where a pragmatic approach to diagnosis is usually adopted, using clinical judgment and knowledge about the patient. Many general practitioners (GPs) have no or limited knowledge of the diagnostic criteria, few use them, and many consider IBS a diagnosis of exclusion. The aim of this study is to explore the sensitivity of the Rome III criteria in relation to a GP-based clinical diagnosis of IBS, to identify differences between Rome III-positive and -negative patients, and to describe the agreement between the various symptom-based criteria. ⋯ The Rome III criteria identified three in four patients labeled with IBS in primary care. The relevance of the Rome III for IBS in primary care is supported.
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Am. J. Gastroenterol. · Jun 2013
Relationship of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with cholecystectomy in the US population.
Other than weight-related conditions, risk factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are not well defined. We investigated the association of gallstones and cholecystectomy with NAFLD in a large, national, population-based study. ⋯ The association of NAFLD with cholecystectomy, but not with gallstones, indicates that cholecystectomy may itself be a risk factor for NAFLD.
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Am. J. Gastroenterol. · May 2013
The Western dietary pattern is prospectively associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adolescence.
Poor dietary habits have been implicated in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, little is known about the role of specific dietary patterns in the development of NAFLD. We examined prospective associations between dietary patterns and NAFLD in a population-based cohort of adolescents. ⋯ A Western dietary pattern at 14 years in a general population sample was associated with an increased risk of NAFLD at 17 years, particularly in obese adolescents. In centrally obese adolescents with NAFLD, a healthy dietary pattern may be protective, whereas a Western dietary pattern may increase the risk.