The American journal of gastroenterology
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Am. J. Gastroenterol. · Dec 2007
Poor diagnostic accuracy of a single fasting plasma citrulline concentration to assess intestinal energy absorption capacity.
Our aim was to explore the diagnostic value of fasting citrulline concentrations to detect decreased intestinal energy absorption in patients with recently diagnosed celiac disease (CeD), refractory celiac disease (RCeD), and short bowel syndrome (SBS). Decreased intestinal energy absorption is regarded a marker of intestinal failure. ⋯ Fasting plasma citrulline concentrations have poor test characteristics for detection of decreased intestinal energy absorption capacity in patients with enterocyte damage.
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Am. J. Gastroenterol. · Dec 2007
Characterization of newer subgroups of fulminant and subfulminant pancreatitis associated with a high early mortality.
Risk stratification of acute pancreatitis (AP) is important. ⋯ We have characterized newer subgroups of patients with fulminant and subfulminant AP with important prognostic and management implications.
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Am. J. Gastroenterol. · Nov 2007
ReviewGastrointestinal and nutritional complications after bariatric surgery.
The prevalence of obesity has increased to epidemic proportions, making obesity and its comorbid conditions a major public health concern. Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment, but it carries substantial morbidity. ⋯ As part of the multidisciplinary team taking care of obese patients, gastroenterologists should be familiar with the types of bariatric surgery and their associated complications. We review the most common gastrointestinal and nutritional complications after bariatric procedures and examine how gastroenterologists may best prevent, investigate, and treat them.
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Am. J. Gastroenterol. · Nov 2007
Surveillance for early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: is it effective in intermediate/advanced cirrhosis?
Surveillance of cirrhotic patients for early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), based on ultrasonography and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) measurement, is widely used. Its effectiveness depends on liver function, which affects the feasibility of treatments and cirrhosis-related mortality. We assessed whether patients with intermediate/advanced cirrhosis benefit from surveillance. ⋯ These results suggest surveillance be offered to class B patients and maintained for class A patients who migrate to the subsequent class. Surveillance becomes pointless in class C patients probably because the poor liver function adversely affects the overall mortality and HCC treatments.
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Most U.S. studies of acute liver failure (ALF) patients have been conducted at tertiary care liver transplantation centers. The aim of this study was to conduct population-based surveillance for ALF. ⋯ Our population-based study suggests approximately 1,600 ALF cases occur in the United States each year. Consistent with findings from studies conducted exclusively at liver transplantation centers, APAP-related ALF was the most common etiology. Increased awareness of APAP-related ALF in the medical community may limit future cases. More research is warranted into ALF of undetermined etiology, especially in children.