The American journal of gastroenterology
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Am. J. Gastroenterol. · Apr 2006
Randomized Controlled TrialInfluence of motilin on gastric fundus tone and on meal-induced satiety in man: role of cholinergic pathways.
Motilin agonists are strong gastroprokinetics, but their impact on symptoms in delayed gastric emptying has been disappointing. It has been speculated that it is due to the contractile effect of motilin agonists on the proximal stomach, but the pathway involved and the symptomatic consequences have been incompletely elucidated. ⋯ Administration of motilin causes a contraction of the proximal stomach in humans and increases meal-induced satiety. The effect of motilin is atropine-resistant and involves a direct muscular pathway or a non-cholinergic neural pathway.
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Am. J. Gastroenterol. · Apr 2006
Meta AnalysisMeta-analysis of probiotics for the prevention of antibiotic associated diarrhea and the treatment of Clostridium difficile disease.
Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is a common complication of most antibiotics and Clostridium difficile disease (CDD), which also is incited by antibiotics, is a leading cause of nosocomial outbreaks of diarrhea and colitis. The use of probiotics for these two related diseases remains controversial. ⋯ A variety of different types of probiotics show promise as effective therapies for these two diseases. Using meta-analyses, three types of probiotics (Saccharomyces boulardii, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, and probiotic mixtures) significantly reduced the development of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Only S. boulardii was effective for CDD.
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Am. J. Gastroenterol. · Mar 2006
The risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients with small liver nodules on MRI.
The presence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has important implications for patients with cirrhosis. Studies have not compared the risk of cancer in cirrhotic patients with small liver nodules to cirrhotic patients without nodules. Our aim was to determine the risk of HCC in cirrhotic patients with small liver nodules on MRI compared to those without nodules. ⋯ The incidence of HCC in patients with small liver nodules is significantly higher compared to patients with cirrhosis without liver nodules. The presence of small liver nodules warrants increased imaging surveillance for HCC.
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Am. J. Gastroenterol. · Mar 2006
Comparative StudyComparison of transesophageal endoscopic plication (TEP) with laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication (LNF) in the treatment of uncomplicated reflux disease.
Transesophageal endoscopic plication (TEP) is a novel endotherapeutic approach in the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This non-randomized prospective study compares TEP with laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication (LNF). ⋯ Both techniques improved symptom score, acid regurgitation, quality of life, and reduced the requirements for PPIs. The control of heartburn and acid reflux was better for LNF. TEP, like LNF, is a safe and effective method of management of symptomatic GERD but further developments are necessary to ensure control of esophageal acid reflux.
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Am. J. Gastroenterol. · Mar 2006
Comparative StudyPerception of electrocutaneous stimuli in irritable bowel syndrome.
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) are common conditions with some similarities, but different perceptual responses to somatic and visceral stimuli. The purpose of this study was to assess in a large group of IBS patients the somatic perception by transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and its relation to the level of severity and presence of FMS. ⋯ IBS patients showed somatic hypoalgesia to electrical stimuli. The severity of IBS and the presence of FMS influence the perception of somatic stimuli induced by TENS.