Hospital topics
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate empirically in the hospital administrative environment the relationship of leadership behaviors to subordinate manager's perceived outcomes, through examination of B. M. ⋯ The author measured leadership orientation and outcome factors through subordinate managers' ratings of hospital CEOs using a questionnaire, which asked: Is there a relationship between the leadership styles of hospital CEOs and subordinate managers' self-reported willingness to exert extra effort, perception of leader effectiveness and satisfaction with their leader? Findings revealed that the relationship between transformational leadership and the outcome factors were stronger and more positive than were the transactional and laissez-faire styles. These findings are consistent with the hierarchal patterns reported and support the universality of the model.
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This study tests the hypothesis that high hospice enrollment is associated with lower Medicare inpatient mortality. The results show that Medicare inpatient mortality in a state can be explained by hospice enrollment and a host of demographic and market environment variables. An increase in hospice population by 100 individuals is associated with a reduction of 28 inpatient deaths, ceteris paribus. The results suggest, among other things, that opportunities exist for greater expansion of hospice capacity in low-use states to reduce deaths in the expensive hospital setting and improve the quality of end-of-life care for terminally ill patients.
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Comparative Study
Burnout and personality in intensive care: an empirical study.
Previous research into the causes of burnout has mainly been concerned with external triggers, such as onerous work criteria or organizational or social influences. Factors such as individual reactions and personality have largely been ignored as a possible etiology of burnout. In preparation for a long-term study, this general cross-sectional study investigates the relationship between burnout and personality variables. ⋯ The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was used as well as certain subscales of the following personality questionnaires: Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI), Inventory of Aggressivity (IA), Trier Personality Questionnaire (TPQ), Scales of Control (SC), Locus of Control (LC), and the Logo-test (LOGO). The scales of mental health, respectively Psychoprotection, external locus of control, and neuroticism, were confirmed as being statistically relevant concerning burnout. The application and significance of this study for future burnout research are discussed.