Przegla̧d epidemiologiczny
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Analysis of biochemical transformations occurring in the course of SIRS and sepsis inclines a critical attitude towards, obligatory nowadays, criteria of these states. They are non-specific and, in an unsatisfying way, they define the state of a current immunological response of the organism from the laboratory as well as clinical point of view. The purpose of the project of a new approach to sepsis--PIRO is to create a more objective, measurable system of evaluation of clinical state of a patient suspected of sepsis.
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Malopolskie voivodeship was established in 1999 from regions where alarming low vaccination coverage had place. It was necessary to introduce an improvement program of vaccination performance in this area. The vaccination coverage in Malopolska voivodeship in period 1999-2004 has been analyzed. The immunization coverage has improved during this time, but is very sensitive on any problems in organization of vaccination performance.
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In Poland, 861 cases of bacterial meningitis and encephalitis, 307 cases of viral encephalitis, 1022 of viral meningitis and 286 cases of meningitis and encephalitis of other or unknown etiology were reported in 2002. Incidence of the bacterial central nervous system infections has been declining over the past decade and the level of viral infections, following the outbreak in the mid-nineties, remained stable. ⋯ Among them Neisseria meningitidis was found in 90 cases, Haemophilus influenzae in 72 cases and Streptococcus pneumoniae in 85 cases. As in the past type B was the predominant type of N. meningitidis cultured from the patients, but type C appears to be on the rise accounting for 35% of the serotyped strains. 126 cases of tick borne encephalitis were reported in Poland in 2002, most of them from endemic areas of north-eastern part of the country.
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Yellow fever is a mosquito born viral illness that causes hemorrhagic fever in tropical Africa and South America. An estimated 200 000 people are still infected annually. There is no antiviral therapy available and vaccination is major strategy in the control yellow fever. ⋯ The vaccine is a live attenuated virus strain 17D. Recently identified vaccine associated viscerotropic diseases (YFV-AVD). This paper describes knowledge about yellow fever disease, vaccine associated adverse events and actually recommendation for vaccine use.