Przegla̧d epidemiologiczny
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Pseudomembranous colitis (PMC), antibiotic-associated diarrhoea (AAD), and colitis (AAC) caused by Clostridium difficile are recognized as complications of antibiotic treatment (cephalosporins, penicillins, clindamycin and others). Two groups are particularly at risk: older and immunocompromised patients. ⋯ To understand the epidemiology of the C. difficile infection, many outbreaks have been investigated by various methods. In the paper we reviewed different methods of C. difficile typing and discussed the epidemiology of C. difficile-associated infections in light of recent publications.
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Historical Article
[History of poliomyelitis infection in the world and in Poland ].
The history of poliomyelitis infection in the world with special regards to Poland has been described. The main clinical and epidemiological features of disease have been outlined, especially these that helped to start global polio eradication initiative. ⋯ An impact of vaccination on epidemiological situation of poliomyelitis in the world and in Poland has been illustrated. The general principles and results of global poliomyelitis eradication program have been reported.
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Historical Article
[Medical management of poliomyelitis cases during the Warsaw outbreak in 1950's].
The author recalls the poliomyelitis medical management system in Warsaw, especially during the outbreak in 1950s'. Names of medical professionals who served in the field have been commemorated. Medical course of the disease and contemporary treatment methods has been described. Attention has been drawn to the problem of vaccine associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) following the oral polio vaccine and cases of VAPP observed in the Department of Neurology and Neuroinfections have been described.
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A total of 2,033 cases of meningitis and 570 of encephalitis were reported in Poland in 2000. Among cases of meningitis 1,051 (51.7%) were classified as viral and 982 (48.3%) as bacterial. ⋯ As in previous years, N. meningitidis typed B was strongly predominating. Out of 570 cases of encephalitis, 170 (29.8%) were tick borne, of which most were reported from endemic areas of north-eastern part of the country.