Acta anaesthesiologica Sinica
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Acta Anaesthesiol. Sin. · Sep 1996
Shortening and superlon-wrapping the downstream tube can increase the useful range of the blood warmer.
Hypothermia occurs frequently in clinical anesthesia. Many apparatus were introduced to keep intravenous fluid warm. But at low to medium flow rates little effects have been achieved because of heat lost along the tube. Superlon, an industrial heat-preserving material widely used in air conditioning to prevent temperature change, has never been used in the blood warmer. ⋯ These refinements increase the useful range of the Animac AM-4 warmer and make it useful in pediatric rapid fluid resuscitation and current fluid management. Moreover, they are easy to set up, inexpensive, and can be applied to any kind of blood warmers.
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Acta Anaesthesiol. Sin. · Sep 1996
[Clinical experience in interscalene brachial plexus block combined with Ho's method of C3-4 block for shoulder and proximal upper extremity surgeries].
Brachial plexus block, first performed in 1889 by Halsted, has been widely used for surgery of shoulder and upper third of upper extremity. But the level of block is inadequate for surgery of the deeper tissue. If high volume of local anesthetic (40 ml) is used to block C3-4, complications like Horner's syndrome and phenic nerve palsy would be frequent. The landmark of C-3 and C-4 nerve root is difficult to identify. The purpose of this study was to design a new method to block easily the C-3 and C-4 nerve roots for surgery of shoulder deep tissue. ⋯ Interscalene brachial plexus block combined with Ho's method of C3-4 block is technically safe and economical for patients receiving shoulder and proximal third of upper extremity surgery. We must make selection of patients carefully and exclude those whose anatomical landmarks are difficulty identified. As such, good result is expected.
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Acta Anaesthesiol. Sin. · Jun 1996
Comparative StudyThe accuracy of bioimpedance cardiography in the measurement of cardiac output in comparison with thermodilution method.
Continuous noninvasive measurement of cardiac output (CO) is clinically desirable. Thoracic electrical bioimpedance (TEB) offers such a continuous noninvasive technique for the measurement of CO on a beat-by-beat basis. The purpose of this study was to compare the correlation of TEB with the thermodilution (TD) method of measuring CO during surgery. ⋯ Technological advances in TEB have resulted in more accurate CO measurements. Such device offers a noninvasive alternative to the TD technique for the determination of CO, and may potentially be very useful as a powerful, noninvasive, continuous technique for monitoring cardiac function in the clinical setting.
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Acta Anaesthesiol. Sin. · Jun 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA comparison of lidocaine, fentanyl, and esmolol for attenuation of cardiovascular response to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation.
Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation are known to increase sympathetic activity that may be detrimental to patients with pre-existing ischemic or hypertensive heart diseases. In order to alter the hyperdynamic consequences resulting from intubation during induction of general anesthesia, we chose esmolol, an ultra-short acting cardioselective beta-adrenergic blocker, to attenuate the cardiovascular responses during tracheal intubation in patients undergoing elective surgery. The efficacy of esmolol in this regard was carefully evaluated. ⋯ Results of this study showed that only esmolol could reliably offer protection against the increase in both HR and SBP, low dose of fentanyl (3 micrograms/kg) prevented hypertension but not tachycardia, and 2 mg/kg lidocaine had no effect to blunt adverse hemodynamic responses during laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation.