Clinical orthopaedics and related research
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Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. · Apr 2021
Comparative StudyUtility of Natural Sitting Lateral Radiograph in the Diagnosis of Segmental Instability for Patients with Degenerative Lumbar Spondylolisthesis.
Segmental instability in patients with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis is an indication for surgical intervention. The most common method to evaluate segmental mobility is lumbar standing flexion-extension radiographs. Meanwhile, other simple radiographs, such as standing upright radiograph, a supine sagittal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or supine lateral radiograph, or a slump or natural sitting lateral radiograph, have been reported to diagnose segmental instability. However, those common posture radiographs have not been well characterized in one group of patients. Therefore, we measured slip percentage in a group of patients with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis using radiographs of patients in standing upright, natural sitting, standing flexion, and standing extension positions as well as supine MRI. ⋯ Level III, diagnostic study.
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Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. · Apr 2021
Comparative StudyIs Social Deprivation Associated with PROMIS Outcomes After Upper Extremity Fractures in Children?
We previously found that social deprivation was associated with worse perceived function and pain among children presenting with upper extremity fractures. We performed the current study to determine whether this differential in outcome scores would resolve after children received orthopaedic treatment for their fractures. This was needed to understand whether acute pain and impaired function were magnified by worse social deprivation or whether social deprivation was associated with differences in health perception even after injury resolution. ⋯ Level III, therapeutic study.
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Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. · Mar 2021
How Do Medical Students Perceive Diversity in Orthopaedic Surgery, and How Do Their Perceptions Change After an Orthopaedic Clinical Rotation?
A diverse physician workforce improves the quality of care for all patients, and there is a need for greater diversity in orthopaedic surgery. It is important that medical students of diverse backgrounds be encouraged to pursue the specialty, but to do so, we must understand students' perceptions of diversity and inclusion in orthopaedics. We also currently lack knowledge about how participation in an orthopaedic clinical rotation might influence these perceptions. ⋯ These perceptions may be a barrier to diversification of the pool of medical student applicants to orthopaedics. However, participation in an orthopaedic surgery rotation is associated with mitigation of many of these negative perceptions among diverse students. Medical schools have a responsibility to develop a diverse workforce, and given our findings, schools should promote participation in a clinical orthopaedic rotation. Residency programs and orthopaedic organizations can also increase exposure to the field through the rotation and other means. Doing so may ultimately diversify the orthopaedic surgeon workforce and improve care for all orthopaedic patients.
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Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. · Mar 2021
Perioperative Blood Transfusions Are Associated with a Higher Incidence of Thromboembolic Events After TKA: An Analysis of 333,463 TKAs.
Given the morbidity, mortality, and financial burden associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE) after TKA, orthopaedic providers continually seek to identify risk factors associated with this devastating complication. The association between perioperative transfusion status and VTE risk has not been thoroughly explored, with previous studies evaluating this relationship being limited in both generalizability and power. ⋯ Level III, therapeutic study.
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Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. · Mar 2021
Multicenter StudyWhat Factors Predict Adverse Discharge Disposition in Patients Older Than 60 Years Undergoing Lower-extremity Surgery? The Adverse Discharge in Older Patients after Lower-extremity Surgery (ADELES) Risk Score.
Adverse discharge disposition, which is discharge to a long-term nursing home or skilled nursing facility is frequent and devastating in older patients after lower-extremity orthopaedic surgery. Predicting individual patient risk allows for preventive interventions to address modifiable risk factors and helps managing expectations. Despite a variety of risk prediction tools for perioperative morbidity in older patients, there is no tool available to predict successful recovery of a patient's ability to live independently in this highly vulnerable population. ⋯ Level III, diagnostic study.