Journal of neurology
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Journal of neurology · Apr 2018
Predicting functional outcomes of posterior circulation acute ischemic stroke in first 36 h of stroke onset.
Posterior circulation acute ischemic stroke constitutes one-fourth of all ischemic strokes and can be efficiently quantified using the posterior circulation Alberta stroke program early computed tomography score (PC-ASPECTS) through diffusion-weighted imaging. We investigated whether the PC-ASPECTS and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) facilitate functional outcome prediction among Chinese patients with posterior circulation acute ischemic stroke. Participants were selected from our prospective stroke registry from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2016. ⋯ On ROC curve analysis, the PC-ASPECTS demonstrated more reliability than the baseline NIHSS for predicting functional outcomes of minor posterior circulation stroke. In conclusion, both the PC-ASPECTS and NIHSS help clinicians predict functional outcomes. PC-ASPECTS > 7 is a helpful discriminator for achieving favorable functional outcome prediction in posterior circulation acute ischemic stroke.
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Journal of neurology · Mar 2018
A dedicated neurologist at the emergency department during out-of-office hours decreases patients' length of stay and admission percentages.
Emergency departments (EDs) worldwide face crowding, which hampers patient flow. In this study, the impact of a dedicated neurologist present at the ED on patient flow during out-of-office hours was assessed. ⋯ In our hypothesis-generating study, a dedicated neurologist present at the ED during out-of-office hours was associated with decreased patients' LOS and a decreased admission percentage, indicating increased decisiveness when the neurologist is present at the ED.
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To report pitfalls in the clinical diagnosis of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. ⋯ The probable criteria are valid, but the diversity of clinical phenotype should be taken into account in diagnosing anti-NMDAR encephalitis particularly in patients aged 50 years or older, or with isolated epileptic syndrome, atypical demyelinating syndrome, or post-HSE.
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Journal of neurology · Mar 2018
Structural cerebellar correlates of cognitive functions in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2.
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease involving the cerebellum and characterized by a typical motor syndrome. In addition, the presence of cognitive impairment is now widely acknowledged as a feature of SCA2. Given the extensive connections between the cerebellum and associative cerebral areas, it is reasonable to hypothesize that cerebellar neurodegeneration associated with SCA2 may impact on the cerebellar modulation of the cerebral cortex, thus resulting in functional impairment. ⋯ Specific cerebellar GM regions were found to be affected in patients. Additionally, GM loss in cognitive posterior lobules (VI, Crus I, Crus II, VIIB, IX) correlated with visuospatial, verbal memory and executive tasks, while additional correlations with motor anterior (V) and posterior (VIIIA, VIIIB) lobules were found for the tasks engaging motor and planning components. Our results provide evidence that the SCA2 neurodegenerative process affects the cerebellar cortex and that MRI indices of atrophy in different cerebellar subregions may account for the specificity of cognitive symptomatology observed in patients, as result of a cerebello-cerebral dysregulation.
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Journal of neurology · Mar 2018
Review Case ReportsBilateral carotid cavernous sinus fistula: a case report and review of the literature.
Carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) is an abnormal vascular shunt from the carotid artery to the cavernous sinus. They are commonly classified based on hemodynamics, etiology or anatomically. Hemodynamic classification refers to whether the fistula is high or low flow. ⋯ First-line treatment consists of endovascular embolization with either a metallic coil, endovascular balloon or embolic agent. It is unclear in the literature if bilateral cases are more difficult to treat or have a different prognosis. Our patient required two endovascular procedures suggesting that endovascular intervention may have reduced efficacy in bilateral cases.