The Malaysian journal of medical sciences : MJMS
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The optic nerve covering is elastic enough to allow a detectable enlargement in response to changes in intracranial pressure. The objective of the present study was to determine the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) in normal Nigerian adults. ⋯ The normal reference values of ONSD measurements in adults were obtained. It showed no significant correlation with side (right and left), age, and sex. Furthermore, there is no significant correlation of ONSD with the body height and weight.
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Antithrombotic therapy remains crucial in the peri- and post-operative management of patients who undergo orthopaedic surgical procedures, particularly total joint arthroplasty (TJA) and hip fracture surgery (HFS). Optimal thromboprophylaxis is currently mandatory in most orthopaedic practices to avoid the dreaded complications of venous thromboembolism (VTE). ⋯ With current advances in orthopaedic surgery, a multimodal approach to thromboprophylaxis, anaesthetic management, and post-operative convalescence have altered the risks of venous thromboembolism after TJA and HFS in the lower extremity. This article reviews the various VTE prophylactic options and current best practice guidelines for orthopaedic TJA and HFS.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the quantitative C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and white blood cell (WBC) count in urinary tract infections (UTI) among hospitalised infants and children in Qazvin, Iran. ⋯ Although acute phase reactants can help in the diagnosis of a UTI, they are not pathognomonic. CRP, ESR and WBC were neither completely sensitive nor specific for detecting a UTI and its localisation site in Iranian children. Therefore, in a country where advanced clinical diagnostic tests are available, the advanced test should be used in conjunction with CRP, ESR and WBC analyses. Finally, a combination of laboratory tests along with history and exact clinical examination are needed for the diagnosis of a UTI and its localisation site.
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A 59-year-old male smoker presented with persistent wheezing and occasional coughing that had been ongoing for two years and had been unsuccessfully treated with an inhalational β2 agonist, an anticholinergic and an inhalational steroid in the last year. On clinical examination, a left-sided wheeze was detected. The initial chest X-ray was normal. ⋯ A biopsy taken from the mass revealed features of bronchial carcinoid. Bronchial carcinoid can present uncommonly with wheezes, resulting in misdiagnosis as bronchial asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). If an asthma or COPD patient does not respond to conventional therapy, a CT scan and subsequent bronchoscopy is warranted.
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This study was undertaken to evaluate patient satisfaction after spinal anaesthesia, which is the most frequently administered anaesthesia in obstetric patients. ⋯ The patients receiving spinal anaesthesia demonstrated a high rate of patient satisfaction. Ensuring the quality of spinal anaesthesia, improving clinical skill of the anaesthesiologists, and prevention of side effects might improve patient satisfaction.