Acta orthopaedica Scandinavica. Supplementum
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Acta Orthop Scand Suppl · Apr 1996
ReviewAvascular necrosis of the proximal femur in developmental dislocation of the hip. Incidence, risk factors, sequelae and MR imaging for diagnosis and prognosis.
Avascular necrosis of the proximal femur still remains the major complication of the treatment for developmental dislocation of the hip. In a three part study I reviewed this problem. Part I analyzed incidence, causes, and risk factors of avascular necrosis. ⋯ In 29 hips excellent or good clinical findings at final review contrasted with fair or poor radiographic scores. In no case fair or poor clinical end-result coexisted with excellent radiographic ones. In the group examined twice after completion of growth with the time interval of 10 years no difference in clinical score was found in
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Acta Orthop Scand Suppl · Jan 1991
ReviewTourniquet-induced neuromuscular injury. A recent review of rabbit and clinical experiments.
A rabbit model was developed which facilitates controlled, experimental studies of tissue injury beneath and distal to a pneumatic tourniquet. Non-uniform tissue deformation was observed beneath inflated tourniquets; such patterns were not predicted by previous mathematical models. Two hours was a time threshold for tourniquet compression injury; depending upon the cuff inflation pressure, greater muscle injury was induced beneath the tourniquet than distal to it. ⋯ In conclusion, tourniquet application, at clinically relevant cuff inflation pressures and durations, induces greater neuromuscular injury beneath the tourniquet than distal to it. Investigators of systemic effects of limb ischemia should be aware of compression injury induced by pneumatic tourniquet models. Surgeons must weigh the advantages of a bloodless field against the disadvantages of tourniquet-induced neuromuscular injury.