A & A case reports
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Case Reports
Ventricular Perforation During Open Surgical Balloon Expandable Mitral Valve Replacement: A Case Report.
A 79-year-old woman with severe mitral annular calcification was scheduled for mitral valve replacement. A SAPIEN 3 valve was implanted in mitral position using an open surgical approach. ⋯ Risk factors specific to the open surgical approach include a decompressed ventricle, decreased annulus to apical distance, and the absence of continuous fluoroscopic and echocardiographic imaging. These create a clinical scenario where risk of ventricular perforation is increased compared with traditional intravascular transcatheter valve delivery.
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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation has a low success rate both in and out of the hospital setting. Return of spontaneous circulation, however, is considerably higher for intraoperative cardiac arrests. Chest compressions remain of utmost importance. ⋯ However, this depth is often not achieved. We describe a case in which the adequacy of chest compressions, based on hemodynamic monitoring, was achieved with 2 persons simultaneously providing a compressive force. This hemodynamic-directed care resulted in return of spontaneous circulation on 2 separate occasions.
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Pulmonary hypertension is a feared complication in congenital heart disease patients. Patients with pulmonary hypertension are at risk for major perioperative cardiopulmonary complications when undergoing any surgical procedure, especially airway and laparoscopic procedures. We present the anesthetic management for a 2-year old with Down syndrome and complex cyanotic congenital heart disease undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy for severe obstructive sleep apnea.
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Review Case Reports
Perioperative Management for Abdominal Surgery in Bilateral Diaphragmatic Paralysis: A Case Report and Literature Review.
The optimal approach to postoperative analgesia in patients with bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis undergoing abdominal surgery remains unclear. We report a 69-year-old woman with bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis who underwent a laparoscopic hernia repair and an open laparotomy for reversal of a Hartmann procedure under general anesthesia. ⋯ The patient's trachea was successfully extubated at the end of both surgical procedures. Epidural analgesia was associated with better pain control and shorter intensive care unit stay.
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Case Reports
Sciatic (Popliteal Fossa) Catheter for Pediatric Pain Management of Sickle Cell Crisis: A Case Report.
Sickle cell crisis, or vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC), is a major cause of hospitalizations for adults and children with sickle cell disease, and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Despite prompt pharmacological treatment and multimodal pain management, acute pain during a VOC is often not adequately controlled in the pediatric population. We placed a continuous popliteal sciatic nerve block under ultrasound guidance in a pediatric patient for localized refractory pain during a VOC, resulting in improved pain control with preserved sensorimotor function.