Acta medica Scandinavica
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Acta medica Scandinavica · Jan 1987
Cardiac arrest in Stockholm with special reference to the ambulance organization.
During a one-year period all patients with cardiac arrest (CA) taken care of by three ambulances were studied. An incidence of 110 cardiac arrests/100,000 inhabitants/year was found. The majority of CAs affected the elderly and occurred during the day in their homes. ⋯ Patients in whom CPR had been initiated by bystanders showed a significantly higher incidence of VT/VF (67%) than unattended patients (45%). Bystander CPR was furthermore associated with an increased incidence of VT/VF in patients with prolonged ambulance delay. VT/VF was present at the time when the ambulance arrived in 86% of the CA patients who had received CPR from a bystander and were reached within 8 min by the ambulance.
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Acta medica Scandinavica · Jan 1986
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialDifferential hemodynamic effects of beta-adrenoceptor blockers, Ca antagonists and combined alpha-beta-receptor blockade in ischemic heart disease.
The hemodynamic responses to 3 different therapeutical regimens: beta-adrenoceptor blockade, calcium inflow inhibition and combined alpha-beta-blockade were evaluated in 3 matched randomized groups of patients with ischemic heart disease and typical exercise-induced angina. The groups consisted of 22, 16 and 15 men, mean age 55-59 years. They were studied at rest and during ischemia-inducing exercise, before and after single oral doses of 100 mg metoprolol, 10 mg nifedipine and 200 mg labetalol. ⋯ Conversely, both calcium and combined alpha-beta-receptor blockade tend to improve left ventricular function by lowering both left ventricular preload and total systemic vascular resistance. The results strongly suggest that in patients in whom beta-receptor blockers appear indicated, their adverse hemodynamic effects can be offset by concomitant alpha1-receptor blockade or vasodilation without losing symptomatic efficacy. Combined alpha-beta-receptor blockade has the advantage over calcium antagonists alone to prevent any increase in adrenergic activity and related hyperkinetic response.
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Acta medica Scandinavica · Jan 1986
Amylase, pancreatic isoamylase and lipase in serum before and after endoscopic pancreatography.
Serum amylase, isoamylase and lipase were determined in 17 patients with pancreatic or biliary diseases before and after endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP). Within 1/2-2 hours after cannulation of the pancreatic duct, serum lipase was increased to approximately 4 times the upper reference level and normalized almost completely at 24 hours. ⋯ The elevation in enzyme activities was less in patients with abnormal than with normal ERP. The results suggest that lipase is a more sensitive indicator of pancreatic injury than amylase and isoamylase.
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Acta medica Scandinavica · Jan 1986
Case ReportsAcrodermatitis chronica atrophicans Herxheimer can often mimic a peripheral vascular disorder.
During the past few years five patients have been referred to the angiology section at Danderyd Hospital under the diagnosis of chronic venous insufficiency but who were instead suffering from acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans (ACA). The typical case of ACA starts with a limited inflammatory lesion, which is gradually replaced by atrophy and the skin shows a bluish, red discoloration. Late changes may be subluxation of joints in hands or feet and periosteal thickening. ⋯ All these variables can consequently mimic venous insufficiency of the leg. ACA is caused by a Borrelia infection and serological testing will always show a significantly elevated titer to Borrelia. The disease is most often easily cured by 2-3 g of penicillin daily for two to three weeks.
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Acta medica Scandinavica · Jan 1986
Case ReportsYellow nail syndrome--the triad of yellow nails, lymphedema and pleural effusions. A review of the literature and a case report.
The yellow nail syndrome, combination of yellow discoloured nails, lymphedema and pleural effusions, is a rare clinical condition. A review of the literature, including 97 patients, is presented. ⋯ The etiology of the syndrome is obscure, while the pathogenesis seems to involve impaired lymphatic drainage. A patient, whose recurrent pleural effusions were effectively controlled by chemical pleurodesis, is also presented.