Nō to shinkei = Brain and nerve
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Regional cerebral blood flow in forty cases of moyamoya disease was investigated by intravenous 133Xe injection method. Twenty-one cases were children and other nineteen were adults. No or only slight neurological deficit were found at the CBF studies. ⋯ These results are thought to indicate the importance of blood circulation to the brain from the vertebro-basilar arterial system. Moreover a comparison of these CBF results with the six stages of basal moyamoya seen angiographically was investigated in child cases. As the stage of moyamoya disease progressed, the hemispheric CBF decreased gradually and the distribution of blood flow gradually changed from a predominance of flow to the frontal lobes to a predominance of flow to the occipital lobes.
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The effects of hyperoxia, glycerol and ventricular drainage on intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) were studied in cases with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulatory-absorbance disturbance due to subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) or intraventricular hematoma. Ventricular fluid pressure (VFP) was monitored through a controlled ventricular drainage (CVD) tube using a Statham P-50 pressure transducer. CBF was measured by the 10mCi133Xe intravenous injection method using a Valmet BI-1400 rCBF analyzer. ⋯ ICP control by opening CVD increased CBF. There was a correlation between the level of resting state ICP and the CBF increase after the opening of CVD. In cases with CSF circulatory-absorbance disturbance, elevated ICP reduced CBF and may further worsen the cerebral damage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Hyperkinésie volitionnelle is one of the involuntary movements discriminated from intention tremor. It occurs idiopathically and with cerebral infarction, head trauma, brain tumors, multiple sclerosis, hepatolenticular degeneration and polyneuropathy. Here, we report a case of toluene intoxication presenting hyperkinésie volitionnelle. ⋯ Sensory and autonomic functions were normal. Blood, urine and cerebrospinal fluid analysis appeared normal. Electroencephalography showed 40-50 microV, 9-10 c/s alpha waves with a few fast waves.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Short latency somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) following median nerve and posterior tibial nerve stimulation were studied in six patients with syringomyelia. Three patients had Chiari malformations, two patients experienced fracture of the spine and one patient had a cauda equina ependymoma. SSEPs following median nerve stimulation were abnormal in all patients, of which five patients showed abnormal SSEPs only in the unilateral stimulation on the side of sensory deficits. ⋯ All patients underwent surgical treatment, syringo-peritoneal shunt in four patients, foramen magnum decompression with syringo-subarachnoid shunt in one patient, and total removal of an ependymoma of the cauda equina with syringotomy in one patient. Postoperative neurological improvement were found in three patients, of which two cases also showed improvement in SSEPs. On the contrary SSEPs were unchanged in two patients with posttraumatic syringomyelia, whose postoperative neurological condition was also unchanged.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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The plasma catecholamine levels have been accepted as an index of sympathetic nervous activity in cardiovascular and neurologic disorders. It is known that the plasma norepinephrine (NE) level is thought to reflect the degree of sympathetic nervous activity. NE is the neurotransmitter released from sympathetic nerve endings. ⋯ Clinical outcome was assessed at the time of discharge according to the Glasgow Outcome Scale. The "good" group consisted of patients with good recovery or moderate disability. The "poor" group consisted of patients with severe disability and persistent vegetative state and the "dead" group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)