Nō to shinkei = Brain and nerve
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No detailed reports on pneumocephalus caused by any factors other than head trauma, and their courses accompanied with this disease have been so far available. We recently experienced a case of pneumocephalus complicated with severe clouding of consciousness, ocular deviation, and unilateral spatial neglect with the results being reported hereinafter. A 54-year-old man had often received ear douche therapy due to chronic sinusitis and tubal obstruction about 3 years before without any history of head trauma. ⋯ This symptom was still observed on the 3rd day but disappeared by the 4th day of hospitalization. For clarifying its cause, cerebral angiography, CT scan and electroencephalography were then performed. CT scan revealed no anomalies in the brain, while cerebral angiography showed a cerebral circulation pattern in favor of the right internal carotid artery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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The effect of mannitol to decrease the raised ICP is well documented and mannitol is now widely used in clinical practice. However, its mechanism of lowering ICP still remains controversial, especially under the condition of vasogenic edema. The objective of this study is to reexamine and delineate the mechanism of ICP reducing effect of mannitol, using quantitative vasogenic edema model, specific gravimetric technique to measure the brain water content, and the method to estimate the CSF dynamics without disturbing the physiological condition of intracranial compartments in cats. ⋯ PVI, Ro, If (Marmarou) were calculated before and after mannitol administration. In parameter group, BP, ICP, CVP, serum osmotic pressure and osmolarity were measured without terminating the experiment. The changes of water content of the gray and white matter before and after mannitol administration in the area of infusion edema were 80.7% to 80.8% and 76.8% to 77.1% respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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It is well known that abnormalities of coagulation and fibrinolysis frequently take place during the course of cerebrovascular diseases. In this paper, coagulation and fibrinolytic studies were performed during the course of acute stage through chronic stage of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Tested items were partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, FDP, alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor, antithrombin III, fibrinogen, besides, fibrinopeptide A (FPA), and fibrinopeptide B beta (FPB beta) which were being worthy of note. ⋯ Increase of fibrinogen delayed from the peaks of FPA and FPB beta showing the peaks at the seventh to the fourteenth day from the onset of subarachnoid hemorrhage. In three cases with symptomatic vasospasm, FPA and FPB beta showed maximal values two to four days prior to the appearance of symptomatic cerebral vasospasm. Other tests were all within normal limits.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Percutaneously inserted spinal cord electrical stimulation (PISCES) was carried out in eleven intractable pain cases and in one spastic paraplegic case. The causes of intractable pain constitute subacute myelo-optic neuropathy (SMON) 6 cases, cerebrovascular disease 2 cases, multiple sclerosis (MS) 1 case, Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) 1 case and transverse myelitis (TM) 1 case. The cause of spastic paraplegia was due to the ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). ⋯ Compared with the other methods for pain relief, PISCES is most characteristic in its safety and simplicity. To date, PISCES has been applied to various disorders; such as ataxia, spasticity, intractable pain, neurogenic bladder and peripheral vascular disease. But its efficacy has not been established in all these disorders.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)