International journal of burns and trauma
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Hemorrhagic shock and trauma are associated with acidosis and altered coagulation. A fall in pH has been reported to attenuate the activity of recombinant activated Factor VII (rFVIIa) in vitro. However, it is not known if acidosis induced by hemorrhagic shock or infusion of HCl attenuates FVIIa activity in vivo. The purpose of this study was to determine if acidosis, induced by two methods, affects recombinant FVIIa (rFVIIa) activity in swine, and if correction of the pH restores rFVIIa activity to normal. ⋯ Acidosis associated with hemorrhagic shock or HCl infusion led to a hypocoagulation that was not corrected with bicarbonate infusion. Furthermore, acidosis did not affect rFVIIa function, and correction of the acidosis with bicarbonate had no effect on rFVIIa function in these models. This suggests that in vivo acidosis did not diminish rFVIIa function.
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Committing Suicide is an awful way to die as well as a historical psycho-social problem of human community worldwide. Suicide is an action deliberately initiated and performed by a person with complete awareness of its fatal outcome, prevalence of which is very rare in developed countries, but it is reported with more frequency in Baltic region, Africa (including Egypt), The Middle East (including Iran), The Far East, particularly India and Vietnam. Its rate has ranged from10 per 100,000 people/year in Egypt, and up to 35 per 100,000 people/year in Baltic region (including Lithuania, Finland, and Russia). ⋯ In this review study, we try to focus on self- inflicted burn or self- immolation as the most dramatic and violent method of suicide. The present review article was aimed to assess the epidemiology of self immolation phenomenon and its associated factors as a worldwide problem, particularly in Iran and other developing communities. The main victims of this awful way of death are women who are considered the most vulnerable group in such societies.
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Small volumes of resuscitation products to sustain survival until definitive care are desired in extreme environments due to limited resources. A severe controlled hemorrhage model in sedated, sexually mature miniature swine has been developed to evaluate these products. Valproic Acid (VPA) and Pentoxifylline (PTX) have been suggested as potential products for small volume resuscitation following hemorrhage predominately in anesthetized small animal models. We evaluated the survival time of VPA and PTX in the swine model. ⋯ In this sedated severe hemorrhage model VPA and PTX were unacceptable as small volume resuscitation products at the concentrations and delivery rates used because of early deaths. Considering that these drugs are FDA approved for other indications at lower doses the present data suggest that further investigation of mechanisms involved are warranted.