Anästhesie, Intensivtherapie, Notfallmedizin
-
Anasth Intensivther Notfallmed · Feb 1981
Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial[Mechanics of breathing during anaesthesia with controlled ventilation by means of the engström ecs 2000 respirator (author's transl)].
Compliance, resistance, gas flow, blood gas tension and intrapulmonary shunt volume were measured in 20 anaesthetized patients ventilated by the volume-controlled Engström respirator ECS 2000. All patients had neurosurgical or vascular procedures. ⋯ Ventilation with the large tidal volume was characterized by better compliance and oxygenation indicating that the mechanics of breathing and the intrapulmonary gas exchange benefit from larger tidal volumes. Due to the special features of the Engström respirator as regards air flow and pressure steady ventilation with a low tidal volume of 6 ml/kg bodyweight does not result in a significant decrease in compliance and an increase in shunt volume as is the case with other types of respirators.
-
Anasth Intensivther Notfallmed · Oct 1980
[Plasma concentrations of etidocaine after supraclavicular plexus block (author's transl)].
10 patients without concomitant hepatic or renal diseases were given brachial plexus block (Winnie) with etidocaine and the plasma concentrations of the drug were measured. The quantity of local anaesthetic was determined solely by the body weight and amounted to 4 mg/kg body weight. The mean peak concentration was 1.39 microgram/ml, the highest single concentration measured was 1.74 microgram/ml. Peak levels were reached within 40 minutes after administration of the local anaesthetic.
-
Anasth Intensivther Notfallmed · Oct 1980
Case Reports[Chronic subdural haematoma following epidural anaesthesia (author's transl)].
A case of chronic subdural haematoma after epiduralanalgesia in obstetrics is described and possible pathomechanisms are discussed. A leakage-syndrome may be the cause for such serious complication.
-
Acute normovolemic hemodilution is a most practicable method to avoid the transfusion of homologous blood in all those cases of surgical interventions which make expect an intraoperative loss of blood up to 30% of plasma volume. After introduction of anaesthesia 2-4 bags of blood are taken from the patient and simultaneously exchanged for an equal quantity of plasma substitutes. ⋯ Coronary perfusion, and oxygen transport capacity of blood will increase due to decreased blood viscosity and consequently an optimum oxygen supply of tissues will be guaranteed, even if hematocrit has reached 25% (corresponding to 8 to 10 g% Hb). The main intention of Hemodilution is to be seen in minimizing the irreversible loss of valuable autologous blood cells and plasma components and therefore this method helps to use blood and plasma components more economically.