World journal of critical care medicine
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World J Crit Care Med · Nov 2015
Why there is a need to discuss pulmonary hypertension other than pulmonary arterial hypertension?
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a condition characterized by the elevation of the mean pulmonary artery pressure above 25 mmHg and the pulmonary vascular resistance above 3 wood units. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is an uncommon condition with severe morbidity and mortality, needing early recognition and appropriate and specific treatment. PH is frequently associated with hypoxemia, mainly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and DPLD and/or left heart diseases (LHD), mainly heart failure with reduced or preserved ejection fraction. ⋯ Unfortunately, so far, there is no evidence supporting the use of specific PAH therapies in patients with PH related to left heart disease. In conclusion, the presence of PH in patients with conditions other than PAH contributes to the severity of the disease, affecting the outcome and quality of life. The disappointing results regarding the effectiveness of specific PAH therapies in patients with chronic lung diseases and LHD underline the need for seeking new underlying mechanisms and thus novel therapies targeting PH due to left heart disease and/or lung diseases.
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World J Crit Care Med · Nov 2015
ReviewRecruitment maneuvers in acute respiratory distress syndrome: The safe way is the best way.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) represents a serious problem in critically ill patients and is associated with in-hospital mortality rates of 33%-52%. Recruitment maneuvers (RMs) are a simple, low-cost, feasible intervention that can be performed at the bedside in patients with ARDS. RMs are characterized by the application of airway pressure to increase transpulmonary pressure transiently. ⋯ PEEP should be adjusted on the basis of respiratory system mechanics and oxygenation. Recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses suggest that RMs are associated with lower mortality in patients with ARDS. However, the optimal RM method (i.e., that providing the best balance of benefit and harm) and the effects of RMs on clinical outcome are still under discussion, and further evidence is needed.
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World J Crit Care Med · Nov 2015
Therapeutic temperature modulation is associated with pulmonary complications in patients with severe traumatic brain injury.
To examine complications associated with the use of therapeutic temperature modulation (mild hypothermia and normothermia) in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). ⋯ Exposure to TTM is associated with an increase in pulmonary complications. These findings support more attention to these complications in studies of TTM in TBI patients.
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World J Crit Care Med · Aug 2015
ReviewBrain-lung crosstalk: Implications for neurocritical care patients.
Major pulmonary disorders may occur after brain injuries as ventilator-associated pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome or neurogenic pulmonary edema. They are key points for the management of brain-injured patients because respiratory failure and mechanical ventilation seem to be a risk factor for increased mortality, poor neurological outcome and longer intensive care unit or hospital length of stay. ⋯ Ventilator setting in brain-injured patients with lung injuries has been poorly studied and intensivists are often fearful to use some parts of protective ventilation in patients with brain injury. This review aims to describe the epidemiology and pathophysiology of lung injuries in brain-injured patients, but also the impact of different modalities of mechanical ventilation on the brain in the context of acute brain injury.
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World J Crit Care Med · Aug 2015
Outcomes of critically ill cancer patients with Acinetobacter baumannii infection.
To describe the intensive care unit (ICU) outcomes of critically ill cancer patients with Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) infection. ⋯ The mortality rate in critically ill patients with both HM, and AB infections who are admitted to the ICU is high. The variable most associated with increased mortality was a BLL ≥ 2.6 mmol/L in the first day of stay in the ICU.