Scandinavian journal of public health
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Scand J Public Health · Nov 2016
Educational attainment, labour market position and mental ill health as pathways from adversities in adolescence to disability pension in early adulthood: A Finnish cohort study using register data.
We investigated whether social adversities (parents' receipt of income support and care placement) in adolescence were associated with the receipt of work disability pension (DP) in early adulthood. A further aim was to examine whether and to what extent individual educational attainment, labour market position and mental disorders during the period of transition to adulthood operate as underlying mechanisms in this relationship. ⋯ Social adversities in adolescence increase the risk of DP in early adulthood. The intergenerational social determination of disability could be addressed through interventions promoting mental health and improving educational and employment opportunities for young people.
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Scand J Public Health · Aug 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialReduction in sick leave by a workplace educational low back pain intervention: A cluster randomized controlled trial.
The aim of this study was to investigate whether a workplace educational low back pain intervention had an effect on sick leave at the individual level and to identify possible predictors of the effect of intervention. ⋯ The intervention group had significantly less days of sick leave at the three month (4.9 days, p=0.001) and six month (4.4 days, p=0.016) follow ups compared with the control group. At three months, a low level of pain-related fear was the only predictor for the intervention effect (8.0 less days of sick leave, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS A WORKPLACE EDUCATIONAL BACK PAIN INTERVENTION HAD AN EFFECT ON SICK LEAVE FOR UP TO SIX MONTHS A LOW SCORE ON PAIN-RELATED FEAR WAS A PREDICTOR OF THE INTERVENTION EFFECT.
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Scand J Public Health · Aug 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialA multi-faceted workplace intervention targeting low back pain was effective for physical work demands and maladaptive pain behaviours, but not for work ability and sickness absence: Stepped wedge cluster randomised trial.
The aims of this study were to test whether a multi-faceted intervention effective for low back pain was effective for physical capacity, work demands, maladaptive pain behaviours, work ability and sickness absence due to low back pain. ⋯ Significant reduction in occupational lifting (-0.35 (95% confidence interval -0.61 to -0.08)), and improvement in two measures of fear avoidance ((-0.75 (95% confidence interval -1.05 to -0.45) and -0.45 (95% confidence interval -0.80 to -0.11)) were found for the intervention group compared to the control. There were no significant effects on physical exertion, muscle strength, support from management, work ability or sickness absence due to low back pain. After the intervention, significant increased physical capacity and improvements in kinesiophobia were found, but no change in need for recovery. CONCLUSIONS THE INTERVENTION WAS SIGNIFICANTLY EFFECTIVE FOR PHYSICAL WORK DEMANDS AND MALADAPTIVE PAIN BEHAVIOURS, BUT NOT FOR WORK ABILITY AND SICKNESS ABSENCE DUE TO LOW BACK PAIN TO IMPROVE WORK ABILITY OR REDUCE SICKNESS ABSENCE DUE TO LOW BACK PAIN MORE SPECIFIC INTERVENTIONS SHOULD PROBABLY BE DEVELOPED.
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Scand J Public Health · Jun 2016
Linking data on work, health and lifestyle to explain socio-occupational inequality in Danish register-based incidence of diabetes.
This study aimed to combine three consecutive cohorts representative of the general working population to estimate the lifestyle, work and health of the entire Danish working population and to explore the influence of these factors on socio-occupational inequality in relation to incident diabetes over ten years. ⋯ In DWECS, none of the investigated job factors was associated with incident diabetes. Lifestyle factors in terms of smoking (RR = 1.35; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07-1.70), high body mass index (overweight RR = 2.81; 95% CI 2.11-3.74 and obesity RR = 7.49; 95% CI 5.46-10.28) were risk factors for incident diabetes. When adjusted for health and lifestyle, there was no difference in diabetes risk among socio-occupational groups in DWECS. In the entire working population, there was a negative socio-occupational gradient for the risk of diabetes. Compared with professionals, workers in elementary occupations had the highest ten-year risk (RR = 2.06; 95% CI 2.01-2.12). CONCLUSIONS WE FOUND A SIGNIFICANT NEGATIVE SOCIO-OCCUPATIONAL GRADIENT IN THE RISK OF INCIDENT DIABETES HOWEVER, LIFESTYLE RATHER THAN WORK ENVIRONMENT APPEARS TO BE THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTOR AND ADJUSTING FOR THIS ALMOST ELIMINATED THE SOCIO-OCCUPATIONAL INEQUALITY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIABETES.
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Scand J Public Health · May 2016
Good work ability despite multisite musculoskeletal pain? A study among occupationally active Finns.
Although multisite pain (MSP) often threatens work ability (WA), some of those with MSP retain good WA. Our aim was to identify factors associated with good WA among subjects with MSP. ⋯ Several potentially modifiable factors related to health, work, and lifestyle were associated with good WA among occupationally active subjects with MSP.