Scandinavian journal of public health
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Scand J Public Health · May 2015
Longitudinal analysis of lifestyle habits in relation to body mass index, onset of overweight and obesity: results from a large population-based cohort in Sweden.
It is currently unknown whether the prevalence of obesity is increasing or has levelled off in Sweden and other Westernised countries. Given the major importance of lifestyle habits on weight status, we aimed to explore associations of longitudinal changes in lifestyle habits with changes in body mass index (BMI), and the onset of overweight and obesity. ⋯ Improving physical activity in both men and women, and alcohol habits and fruit intake in men, prevents excess weight gain among adult people in Sweden. Such an improvement might diminish weight gain after smoking cessation.
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Scand J Public Health · Mar 2015
Comparative StudyDenmark's comparative position regarding health status, healthcare provision, self-management and social support: Diabetes Attitudes, Wishes and Needs second study (DAWN2).
The aim of this study was to benchmark the Danish sample of the second Diabetes, Attitudes, Wishes and Needs (DAWN2) study with the global average in order to determine Denmark's comparative position for health status, healthcare provision, self-management and social support from the perspective of people with diabetes, family members of people with diabetes and healthcare professionals. ⋯ Our findings suggest that PWD in Denmark rank above the global average on measures of psychological wellbeing, despite psychological wellbeing being under-prioritised by HCP. However, there is room for improvement when it comes to self-management behaviours. Special attention is needed to address this issue without compromising the psychological wellbeing of the PWD.
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Scand J Public Health · Feb 2015
Trends and educational differences in non-communicable disease risk factors in Pitkäranta, Russia, from 1992 to 2007.
Mortality and morbidity from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is a major public health problem in Russia. The aim of the study was to examine trends and educational differences from 1992 to 2007 in NCD risk factors in Pitkäranta in the Republic of Karelia, Russia. ⋯ Trends showing an increase in some major NCD risk factors and signs of emerging socio-economic differences call for stronger attention to effective health promotion and preventive policies in Russia.
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To compare nationwide time trends and mortality in hip and proximal humeral fractures; to explore associations between incidences of falls risk related comorbidities (FRICs) and incidence of fractures. ⋯ The results suggest that the overall reduction in fractures can be explained by reduction in falls related comorbidity.
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Scand J Public Health · Mar 2014
Methodological pluralism in the age of evidence-informed practice and policy.
The use of evidence in practice and policy in public health and social services is a tricky endeavour. While virtually every practitioner, manager, or policy maker would agree that evidence should be used, there is disagreement about the nature of evidence and which evidence should be used, how, when, in what circumstances, and for whom. ⋯ This paper will discuss the use of evidence in practice in what is arguably the most complex helping environment - social services - detailing the emergence and evolution of evidence-informed practice, dispelling some myths about its structure and application, and linking it to the broader origins and structure of the social and governmental systems in which it operates. Using this expanded view, the paper will then describe some useful approaches for incorporating these larger considerations into the use of evidence in practice.