The lancet. HIV
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Late boosting of the RV144 regimen with AIDSVAX B/E and ALVAC-HIV in HIV-uninfected Thai volunteers: a double-blind, randomised controlled trial.
The RV144 phase 3 vaccine trial in Thailand demonstrated that ALVAC-HIV (vCP1521) and AIDSVAX B/E administration over 6 months resulted in a 31% efficacy in preventing HIV acquisition. In this trial, we assessed the immunological effect of an additional vaccine boost to the RV144 regimen at varying intervals between the priming vaccine series and the boost. ⋯ US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and US Department of the Army.
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Perinatal HIV transmission has substantially decreased with combination antiretroviral regimens, but complications in children who are HIV-exposed but uninfected, such as microcephaly, warrant ongoing surveillance. We aimed to evaluate whether individual in utero antiretroviral exposures were associated with increased risk of microcephaly based on long-term follow-up of infants and children who are HIV-exposed but uninfected. ⋯ Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Algorithm-guided empirical tuberculosis treatment for people with advanced HIV (TB Fast Track): an open-label, cluster-randomised trial.
Tuberculosis, which is often undiagnosed, is the major cause of death among HIV-positive people. We aimed to test whether the use of a clinical algorithm enabling the initiation of empirical tuberculosis treatment by nurses in primary health-care clinics would reduce mortality compared with standard of care for adults with advanced HIV disease. ⋯ Joint Global Health Trials (Medical Research Council, Department for International Development, Wellcome Trust).
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Understanding the patterns of HIV/AIDS epidemics is crucial to tracking and monitoring the progress of prevention and control efforts in countries. We provide a comprehensive assessment of the levels and trends of HIV/AIDS incidence, prevalence, mortality, and coverage of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for 1980-2017 and forecast these estimates to 2030 for 195 countries and territories. ⋯ Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, National Institute of Mental Health of the US National Institutes of Health (NIH), and the National Institute on Aging of the NIH.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Bone mineral density in virologically suppressed people aged 60 years or older with HIV-1 switching from a regimen containing tenofovir disoproxil fumarate to an elvitegravir, cobicistat, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide single-tablet regimen: a multicentre, open-label, phase 3b, randomised trial.
Tenofovir alafenamide is associated with less renal and bone toxicity than tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and might improve the long-term safety of antiretroviral therapy. We aimed to investigate the effect on bone mineral density of switching from a regimen containing tenofovir disoproxil fumarate to one containing tenofovir alafenamide in participants aged 60 years and older. ⋯ Gilead Sciences.