Open forum infectious diseases
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Open Forum Infect Dis · May 2020
Post Hoc Assessment of Time to Clinical Response Among Adults Hospitalized with Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia Who Received Either Lefamulin or Moxifloxacin in 2 Phase III Randomized, Double-Blind, Double-Dummy Clinical Trials.
Time to clinical response, a proxy for hospital "discharge readiness," was compared between CABP inpatients who received lefamulin or moxifloxacin in the Lefamulin Evaluation Against Pneumonia (LEAP) trials. The analysis included 926 inpatients. A short and comparable median time to clinical response (4 days) was observed in both treatment groups.
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Open Forum Infect Dis · Apr 2020
ReviewCoronavirus Disease 2019 Treatment: A Review of Early and Emerging Options.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has spread across the globe resulting in a pandemic. At the time of this review, COVID-19 has been diagnosed in more than 200 000 patients and associated with over 8000 deaths (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, World Health Organization). On behalf of the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists, we herein summarize the current evidence as of March 18, 2020 to provide guidance on potential COVID-19 treatment options. ⋯ Optimized supportive care remains the mainstay of therapy, and the clinical efficacy for the subsequent agents is still under investigation. Antimicrobial stewardship programs, including infectious diseases pharmacists and physicians, are at the forefront of COVID-19 emergency preparedness. We encourage all readers to continue to assess clinical data as it emerges and share their experience within our community in a well-controlled, adequately powered fashion.
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Open Forum Infect Dis · Apr 2020
ReviewReview: Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine for Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19).
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a rapidly emerging viral infection causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine have garnered unprecedented attention as potential therapeutic agents against COVID-19 following several small clinical trials, uncontrolled case series, and public figure endorsements. ⋯ Here, we perform a rapid narrative review and discuss the strengths and limitations of existing in vitro and clinical studies. We call for additional randomized controlled trial evidence prior to the widespread incorporation of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine into national and international treatment guidelines.
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Open Forum Infect Dis · Jan 2020
A Phase 3 Study to Compare Delafloxacin With Moxifloxacin for the Treatment of Adults With Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia (DEFINE-CABP).
The clinical and economic burden of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) is significant and is anticipated to increase as the population ages and pathogens become more resistant. Delafloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic approved in the United States for the treatment of adults with acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections. Delafloxacin's shape and charge profile uniquely impact its spectrum of activity and side effect profile. This phase 3 study compared the efficacy and safety of delafloxacin with moxifloxacin for the treatment of CABP. ⋯ NCT03534622.
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Open Forum Infect Dis · Aug 2019
Impact of Procalcitonin Levels Combined with Active Intervention on Antimicrobial Stewardship in a Community Hospital.
Procalcitonin (PCT) guidance alone or in conjunction with antibiotic stewardship programs (ASP) has been shown to reduce antibiotic utilization and duration of therapy without adversely affecting patient outcomes. ⋯ PCT-guided ASP physician recommendations, when accepted by providers, led to reduction in antimicrobial LOT in a community hospital. This benefit was extended across patient groups irrespective of initial PCT levels.