Diabetes, obesity & metabolism
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Diabetes Obes Metab · Nov 2006
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyInitial treatment with rosiglitazone/metformin fixed-dose combination therapy compared with monotherapy with either rosiglitazone or metformin in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes.
This study assessed the efficacy and safety of rosiglitazone and metformin (RSG/MET) fixed-dose combination (AVANDAMET) as initial therapy in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes compared with monotherapy with either RSG or MET after 32 weeks of treatment. ⋯ As first-line therapy in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes, RSG/MET fixed-dose combination therapy achieved significant reductions in A1c and FPG compared with either RSG or MET monotherapy. RSG/MET was generally well tolerated as initial therapy, with no new tolerability issues identified with the fixed-dose combination.
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Diabetes Obes Metab · Sep 2006
Low number of omental preadipocytes with high leptin and low adiponectin secretion is associated with high fasting plasma glucose levels in obese subjects.
This study investigates whether fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels in obese subjects are associated with the number of preadipocytes and their adipokine-secretion capabilities. ⋯ In morbid obese subjects, low number of omental preadipocytes with high-leptin- and low-adiponectin-secretion profiles is associated with high FPG.
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Diabetes Obes Metab · Jul 2006
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyA comparison of intensive mixture therapy with basal insulin therapy in insulin-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes receiving oral antidiabetes agents.
In patients with type 2 diabetes, insulin therapy is commonly initiated with either a single dose of basal insulin or twice-daily premixed (basal plus prandial) insulin despite no widely accepted recommendation. We compared the glycaemic control, as measured by a change in HbA1c, of intensive mixture therapy (IMT), a basal plus prandial regimen using insulin lispro mixture 50/50 (50% lispro and 50% NPL) before breakfast and lunch and insulin lispro mixture 25/75 (25% lispro and 75% NPL) before dinner, vs. once-daily insulin glargine therapy, while continuing patients on oral antidiabetes medications. ⋯ In combination with oral antidiabetes agents, multiple daily injections of a basal plus prandial insulin IMT regimen (using premixed insulin lispro formulations) resulted in greater improvements and a lower endpoint in HbA1c compared with a basal-only insulin regimen. IMT also resulted in improved postprandial blood glucose control at each meal and enabled administration of a greater daily dose of insulin, which most likely contributed to these lower HbA1c measures. This greater reduction in HbA1c with IMT is accompanied by a small increased occurrence of mild hypoglycaemia but without any severe hypoglycaemia. Greater consideration should be given to initiating insulin as a basal plus prandial regimen rather than a basal-only regimen.
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Diabetes Obes Metab · May 2006
Effects of running exercise on fibre-type distribution of soleus and plantaris muscles in diabetic Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty rats.
Effect of running exercise on fibre-type distributions of the slow soleus and fast plantaris muscles was investigated in male Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty rats (OLETF) as an animal model of spontaneous type 2 diabetes mellitus. ⋯ Running exercise can inhibit diabetes-associated type shifting of fibres, which is more apparent with postnatal growth, in skeletal muscles of diabetic OLETF rats, as a result of mRNA expression change in muscle.
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Diabetes Obes Metab · May 2006
ReviewObesity-related cardiovascular disease: implications of obstructive sleep apnea.
Obesity and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) often coexist. OSA has been linked to cardiovascular disease. ⋯ We discuss the mechanisms whereby OSA may contribute to hypertension, atherosclerosis, insulin resistance and atrial fibrillation associated with obesity, and emphasize the potential implications for understanding why only a subgroup of obese patients develop cardiovascular disease. Identification of the OSA-dependent and OSA-independent pathways in the cardiovascular pathophysiology of obesity may hold clinical and therapeutic promise.