Sudebno-meditsinskaia ekspertiza
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The author performed the analysis of the essence and patogenetic structure of diagnosis in forensic medical practice, the similarities and differences between forensic medical, pathological morphological, and clinical diagnoses, and their significance for the forensic medical expert conclusion.
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A series of experimental studies was conducted with the object of elucidating the mechanisms of the bullet after-penetration effect produced by a handgun shot into the armoured vest with special reference to the changes developing in the space behind the barrier. The application of the pulsed radiographic technique revealed a transient cavity the presence of which accounts for the injuries to soft tissues, bones, and internal organs in the projection of the bullet impact without damage to the armour plates.
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Comparative Study
[A method for the determination of spatial orientation of wound canals caused by gunshot bullets to be applied in corpse examination].
A new approach to the determination of spatial orientation of wound canals caused by gunshot bullets is proposed and substantiated; its application for the purpose of forensic medical expertise is described. The direction of penetrating wound canals in three dimensions was determined by measuring the distance of the input and output wound holes from the level of the soles, anterior and posterior midlines, and the posterior body surface; the results of the measurements were used to construct triangles. The parameters thus obtained allowed the spatial orientation of the wound canals to be determined in three dimensions for the subsequent judgment about the relative direction of the gun barrel with respect to the human body at the time of the shot and the objective expert conclusion concerning the circumstances of firearm-related injuries.
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Comparative Study
[Biochemical diagnostics of fatal opium intoxication].
Biochemical diagnostics of fatal opium intoxication remains a topical problem in forensic medical science and practice. We investigated materials obtained in the course of forensic medical expertise of the cases of fatal opium intoxication. The study revealed significant differences between myoglobin levels in blood, urine, myocardium, and skeletal muscles. The proposed approach to biochemical diagnostics of fatal opium intoxication enhances the accuracy and the level of evidence of expert conclusions.
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The data on the history of development and further improvement of pneumatic weapons are presented with special reference to specific features of different types and varieties of these weapons, cartridges for them, and the sphere of their application. Investigations into peculiarities of damages caused by high-capacity pneumatic weapons to the objects of forensic medical expertise affected from different distances are reviewed. Results of forensic medical expertise and clinical studies on the structure of body injuries inflicted by gunshots from pneumatic weapons to the human body are discussed. The author emphasizes the necessity of developing up-to-date terminology and classification of gunshot injuries caused by shooting from pneumatic weapons.