Sudebno-meditsinskaia ekspertiza
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The objective of the present study was to elucidate the objective signs and features of damages to the closing produced by shots fired from a 12-gauge hunting rifle with 'cylinder' and 'choke' muzzle threads that allow to determine the concrete distance of the injurious 'compact' and 'relatively compact' action of the multiple-element projectile (shotgun pellets) or that of the container wad used with regular cartridges.
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The goal of the work is to study and analyze the main ballistic characteristics of a bullet and buckshot after a ricochet. A ballistic experiment on the formation of gunshot injuries when fired from a 12-gauge hunting gun with a subsequent ricochet of a bullet and buckshot was carried out. The distinctive features of the external ballistics of these projectiles were established and analyzed (including a comparison with the results of a previously conducted experimental study), and the possibility and conditions for the formation of a negative angle of deflection of the projectile were revealed. The methodological approaches to experimental modelling of a ricochet of a firearm projectile, depending on the type of weapon and ammunition, were optimized.
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This article reports the results of the analysis of the literature publications illustrating the current state of forensic medical expertise of gunshot injuries formed as a consequence of the interaction of the projectile with the obstacle. Also presented are the results of the experimental studies in this field and the prospects for their further development. The completeness of the solution of the topical problems of forensic medical ballistics is estimated. Taken together, the literature data and the results of the authors' original investigations provided the objective grounds for carrying out the experimental studies of gunshot injuries resulting from ricocheting bullets and shotgun pellets depending on the conditions and circumstances of the shot.
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The objective of work was to study experimentally gunshot damages on fabric targets caused by ricocheted 'Poleva 2' bullets (12/70) fired from a smooth-bore hunting gun. An ultraconcrete plate fixed in a special uniquely designed installation was used as a barrier. During the experiments, the authors changed the angle of incidence between the bullet and the barrier, as well as the distance between the barrier and the target. The authors have determined relationships of the formation and objective signs of gunshot damages dependent upon the parameters and conditions of firing shorts.
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Presents the possibilities, as well as an example of the practical application, of the 3D-microscopic modeling method in forensic medicine when conducting medical forensic studies of a patch of skin with a bullet hole wound.